Abstract Scope |
Barium titanate, BaTiO3, as a paraelectric, stores energy through atomic polarization of atoms and as a ferroelectric through spontaneous polarization. Previously, it has been demonstrated that substitution of dilute dipole pairs for titanium ions in barium titanate can increase the materials electrical storage capacity, along with increased temperature range of operation through dielectric relaxor-like behavior. This work explores the substitution process using dysprosium-tantalum and holmium-tantalum dipoles with each dipole pair containing ions that have larger polarizabilities than the originally present titanium ions, while also keeping the material charge neutral. The substitutions are preformed using the stoichiometric equation: BaTi1-2x[B3+, Ta5+]xO3, with x = 0 to 0.0500, and the B-site, B, being dysprosium or holmium ions, respectively. Resulting material properties, including some (relative permittivity, resistivity, and Raman spectroscopy) temperature dependent, are reported as a function of dipole concentration. |