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Meeting 2026 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition
Symposium Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metallic Materials
Presentation Title Process-Microstructure Comparison of C103 Wire DED via IR and Blue Laser.
Author(s) Nicolene Gould, Somayeh Pasebani
On-Site Speaker (Planned) Nicolene Gould
Abstract Scope Additively manufactured Niobium alloy C103 research focused exclusively on powder-based technologies like electron beam powder bed fusion, laser powder bed fusion, and laser powder – direct energy deposition. Laser-based C103 powder AM research only explored process-microstructure-property relationships of prints made by infrared (IR) lasers with wavelengths ranging from 980 to 1070 nm. Niobium absorption is dependent on laser energy density and wavelength, where higher absorption is observed for smaller wavelengths at low laser energy densities. In this study IR (λ=980 nm) and Blue (λ=450 nm) laser direct energy deposition systems were used to produce single-track, multi-track, and monolith structures with 0.035” diameter C103 wire. Deposition energy density effect on microstructure will be presented for both wavelengths. Process parameters evaluated were laser powder, scanning speed, and substrate heating. Substrate heating was determined to be a key parameter to mitigate solidification cracking and to have adequate fusion between deposition layers.
Proceedings Inclusion? Planned:
Keywords Additive Manufacturing, High-Temperature Materials,

OTHER PAPERS PLANNED FOR THIS SYMPOSIUM

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Additive Manufacturing of Niobium-Based Refractory Alloys: Powder Development and Processing of C-103, FS-85 and Cb-752
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Additive Manufacturing of Ti₄₀Zr₄₀Mo₁₀Al₁₀ Light-weight Complex Concentrated Alloys via Synergistic Approach of Composition Tuning and Process Parameter Tailoring
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Advancing state of the art of printable refractory alloys for space
Alloy Design and SPS Processing of Novel Niobium Alloys for Low Density, High Strength, Ductility and Fracture Toughness
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Characterization and properties of L-DED refractory multi-principal elemental alloys
Cold Spray Additive Manufacturing of Nb-Ti Alloys: Process-Structure-Property Relationships
Comparison of predictive and experimental refractory alloy design enabled by DED
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Crack susceptibility of ternary tungsten alloys designed for laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing
Design of Refractory High Entropy Alloys with Suppressed Elemental Segregation for Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process
Design Towards Next-Generation Refractory Alloys via A Multi-Modal, Multi-Field Generative AI Framework
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Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Rhenium: Process Development and Microstructural Evolution
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Microstructures and high temperature plastic flow of additively manufactured and wrought C103 Nb-based alloy
Mixing refractory metals of different melting temperatures in direct energy deposition
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Multiscale Numerical Modeling of Stochastic Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion of Tungsten and Tungsten–Rhenium Alloys
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Tailoring Phase Evolution in Additively Manufactured Nb-Ti-V-Zr Refractory Alloys via Controlled Deposition Order
Temperature-Dependent Plasticity in Additively Manufactured Tungsten: Implications for Fusion Reactor Wall Materials
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Ultra-High Preheating Enables Microstructural Engineering of Pure Tungsten by Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion
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