Abstract Scope |
We demonstrate an intermediate temperature (250-350°C) molten hydroxide mediated electrodeposition process to grow alkali ion (Li+, Na+) intercalated transition metal oxides across multiple transition metal chemistries (Li2MnO3, LiMnO2, LiNixMn1-xO4, LiCoO2, NaCoO2, NaMnO2). State-of-the-art synthesis route for layered oxide cathodes for Li and Na ion battery involves prolonged high temperature (>700°C) processing for long reaction times under high oxygen pressure, followed by slurry casting after mixing with binders and additives. Albeit the lowest reported synthesis temperature and reaction times, our electrodeposited oxide cathodes retain the key structural and electrochemical performance observed in the high-temperature bulk synthesized analogs. The binder-and-additive-free, tens of microns thick, >75% dense electrodeposits exhibit near theoretical gravimetric capacity, chemical diffusion coefficient of Li+/Na+ ions, and reversible areal capacity up to 2 mAh/cm2. |