| Abstract Scope |
Refractories are essential in all high-temperature processes, such as those in the steel industry and non-ferrous metal plants (e.g., copper, nickel, and lead furnaces). The refractory linings in these processes endure various stresses, making it crucial for producers to thoroughly investigate and understand wear mechanisms through "post mortem studies." These studies employ modern techniques, including chemical analysis, mineralogical investigation, and thermo-chemical calculations. This work examines common refractory wear mechanisms like infiltration, spalling, and chemical attack in non-ferrous processing furnaces. Detailed investigations of refractory samples reveal valuable insights into wear phenomena, such as slag corrosion, non-oxide infiltration, and microstructural changes due to high-temperature loads. These wear factors significantly degrade the brick microstructure and reduce the lining's lifespan. The insights gained from these studies are fundamental for enhancing refractory materials and improving furnace operations. |