| Abstract Scope |
Porous titanium alloys have gained significant attention for biomedical applications owing to their superior mechanical compatibility, corrosion resistance, and favorable tribological behavior under physiological conditions. Nevertheless, their tribological performance remains a major challenge, primarily due to the risk of wear debris generation and metallic ion release, which can provoke adverse biological responses. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the tribological behavior of advanced porous titanium alloys, with particular emphasis on β-phase titanium systems such as Ti-Nb-Mo alloys. The influence of processing parameters (e.g., milling time, porosity level, and applied load) on microstructural evolution, wear mechanisms, and surface chemistry is systematically examined. Special attention is given to the critical relationship between microstructure and tribological properties, providing insights that are essential for the design of next-generation titanium-based biomaterials. In addition, recent experimental findings, including our latest work on Ti-25Nb-25Mo alloys, are analyzed to highlight the key factors governing wear resistance, coefficient of friction, and long-term tribological stability in biomedical environments. |