| Abstract Scope |
Altermagnets combine compensated magnetic order with momentum-dependent spin splitting, offering spintronic functionality without net magnetization. Our work investigates whether monolayer graphene can be geometrically engineered into d-wave and i-wave altermagnetic phases through patterned graphene nanohole superlattices. Graphene is an attractive platform because its bipartite lattice, long spin-transport lengths, weak intrinsic spin-orbit coupling, and compatibility with semiconductor processing make it highly tunable for spin-based devices. Using symmetry-based design rules, we identify allowed nanohole geometries and superlattice combinations that produce even-parity altermagnetic spin splitting. The project combines first-principles calculations and spin-resolved band-structure analysis to connect nanohole shape, lattice symmetry, magnetic order, and k-space spin texture. By establishing design principles for d- and i-wave altermagnetism in graphene, this work aims to create a scalable route toward lightweight, highly tunable, carbon-based altermagnetic materials for spintronic, valleytronic, and quantum device applications. |