| Abstract Scope |
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as versatile platforms for bio-nano interface engineering due to their tunable size, surface chemistry, and biocompatibility. This mini-review focuses on functionalized AuNPs for targeted drug delivery and theranostic applications. Advances in ligand conjugation (e.g., antibodies, peptides, folic acid) and polymer coatings (PEGylation) are discussed in relation to improving circulation time, immune evasion, and cellular uptake. The review highlights the role of bio-nano interactions in mediating endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, and controlled drug release under stimuli such as pH or light. Limitations, including opsonization and aggregation, are addressed alongside future trends toward precision nanomedicine using AuNPs. |