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Meeting 2026 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition
Symposium Aluminum Reduction Technology
Presentation Title Aluminium Deposition in a NaCl-KCl-AlCl3 Melt Containing Calcium Oxide
Author(s) Pål Martin Benum, Espen Sandnes, Christian Rosenkilde
On-Site Speaker (Planned) Pål Martin Benum
Abstract Scope Aluminium deposition from AlCl3 and the effect of oxide concentration on the depostion was studied. Voltammetry was conducted at 715oC in equimolar NaCl-KCl, with and without AlCl3 present. AlCl3 was fed to the melt as NaAlCl4 to reduce losses from sublimation at feeding, ensuring precise AlCl3 contencentration. NaAlCl4 was prepared by fusing an equimolar mixture of NaCl and AlCl3, and titration analysis of melt samples indicated little loss of AlCl3. Oxides were added stepwise in the form of CaO, obatining a relatively wide range of oxide concentrations. The results show that the current for aluminium deposition decreases with increasing oxide content, eventually reaching similar currents to voltammograms recorded in a melt with no AlCl3 present. The potential for aluminium deposition also shifts cathodically with increasing oxide content. The reduction of the aluminium deposition current indicates the presence of a stable AlOClX(1-x) complex, and possibly the formation and precipitation of Al2O3.
Proceedings Inclusion? Planned: Light Metals
Keywords Aluminum, Electrometallurgy, Sustainability

OTHER PAPERS PLANNED FOR THIS SYMPOSIUM

Advanced Design of a 4.0 Modular Smart Ohmic Shunt (4.0 MSOS) For Troubleshooting Malfunctioning Cell While Overcoming High -Anode Effect Voltage Occurrence.
Advanced Lattice Boltzmann Magnetohydrodynamic Model for Bubble Dynamics in Hall-Héroult Cells
Aluminium Deposition in a NaCl-KCl-AlCl3 Melt Containing Calcium Oxide
Analyze of the Impact of Anode Change and Anode Change Pattern on the Cell Stability
Anode Setting Performance in the Hall-Héroult Process Using Hall Sensors on individual anodes
APC+™ – An Advanced and Versatile Solution for Pot Process Control
Application of transient MHD modeling for improve interface stability in aluminum reduction cell
Avoidance of Fume emissions in Potrooms due to Failures of Exhaust Fan Dampers
Characterisation of off-gases from an Inert Electrode Aluminium Electrolysis Cell
Coupled Thermal-Electrical-Mechanical Model for Cathode-Collector Bar Joint Analysis
Determination method for aluminum fluoride addition based on aluminum electrolysis cell operation data and its application
Determining the Optimum Alumina Concentration Level for Hall-Héroult Process under Power Modulation
Development and Prospects of SY600 Aluminum Reduction Cell Technology
Development of a Fully Coupled Thermal-Electrical-Mechanical Model of the Anode-to-Stub Connection in Prebake Aluminum Reduction Cells
Development of a Rapid Diagnosis and Treatment System for Anode Effect Based on Zone Anode Current Response in Aluminum Reduction Cells
Digital Solution in a GTC
Dynamic Interaction between Sideledge and Bath in Aluminium Electrolysis Cells
Effect of the Precise Alumina Feeding on the Anode Effect Quenching Based on the Zone Anode Current in Aluminum Reduction Cells
EGA Extended Surface Filter Slim Design
Electrorefining of highly alloyed scrap to primary metal
Enhancement of Hydrogen Fluoride Monitoring System in DX Potrooms
Enhancing Potline Reliability and Efficiency through Intelligent Data Automation and Predictive Insights
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Decreasing Performance of the Cathode Assembly
Exploratory Study on Aluminum Chloride Electrolysis Using Inert Anode
Granular Blends of Coke and Graphite in the Lying-beds: Experimental Insights into Their Mechanical and Electrical Properties
High Draft Ventilation in Aluminium Smelters
Impact of frequent Power Outages on Pot Stability
Improved Estimation of Average Alumina Concentration During Anode Changes in Aluminium Smelting Cells
Improvements on Metal Tapping Planning
Improving Metal Tapping Capability of INALUM Pot Tending Machine with Addition of Blow Function for the Ejector
Improving Reliability of Alumina Feeder Cylinder Operation in CD20 Potrooms
Inert Anodes and Wetted Cathodes for Aluminium Production. Principles and Challenges
Inferring Localized Current Patterns and Anodic Incidents Using Hall Sensors for Individual Anode Monitoring
INNOVATIVE STRATEGY APPLIED TO THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE COPPER INSERT IN THE CATHODE ASSEMBLY
Long-term experience with an inclined Aerated Distribution System – efficiency in operation, maintenance and air consumption
Maaden’s Sustainability Journey: Achieving a 50% Reduction in HF Emissions from GTCs
Magnetic fields and their variation in aluminium reduction cells
Monitoring temperature and voltage difference across wedges using self-powered wireless sensors
NEO ALUMINUM ECOWAS Roadmap: Paving VALCO’s Path To Africa’s Leading Green Aluminum Smelter
Operational Strategy to Extend the Anode Beam Lifting Cycle
Optimization Practice and Research of Lining for 420kA Graphitized Aluminum Reduction Cell
Pot Operations Management Without Anode Change for 13 Days
Power Modulation Effects on Aluminium Reduction Pot MHD Behaviors
Regional energy balance control strategy for aluminum electrolysis cell
Reliability Improvements of Metal Crucible Tilters in Potrooms
Research and Application of Balancing Cathode Voltage Drop and Aluminum Flow Velocity Technology
Research and application of mathematical control model on 500kA electrolysis cell with graphitized cathode
Response Characteristics of Zone Resistance to Alumina Feeding in Aluminum Reduction Cells
Smelter Power Modulation and Pot Heat Balance for High Amperage Reduction Cells
Stability Analysis of a 330 kA Cell retrofitted to Operate at 350 kA using MHD-Valdis Software
Study of alumina raft dissolution and desintegration using schlieren imagery
System Identification Applied to the Modelling of Electrolysis Cells
The recovery patterns of zone current after anode changing in aluminum electrolysis
THERMAL EVENTS CHARACTERISATION BY STUDYING SHELL TEMPERATURE IN ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS CELL
Validation of a Fully Coupled Thermal-Electrical-Mechanical Model of the Anode-to-Stub Connection in Prebake Aluminum Reduction Cells
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Zone Anode Current Response to Anode Effect in Aluminum Reduction Cell

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