| Abstract Scope |
As industries demand faster, scalable, and cost-effective solutions for metal part production, Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) has emerged as a promising approach for fabricating large, complex components. This review examines the state of WAAM research, focusing on technological advancements, material behavior, and process optimization. Key topics include the influence of heat sources, deposition parameters, and alloy selection on build quality and mechanical integrity. The paper also explores in-situ monitoring and control techniques for defect mitigation and layer-wise process adjustment. Post-processing methods—such as inter-layer hammering, heat treatment, and electro-discharge machining—are assessed for their roles in enhancing dimensional accuracy and reducing residual stress. Despite advantages in deposition rate and adaptability, WAAM faces challenges related to porosity, anisotropy, and process variability. The review concludes by identifying research gaps and future directions, highlighting the potential of artificial intelligence integration and advanced cooling systems to accelerate WAAM’s adoption in aerospace, automotive, and defense sectors. |