| Abstract Scope |
Efficient processing routes are critical for advancing high-entropy alloys (HEAs) and high-entropy ceramics (HECs) toward practical use. Traditional melting and furnace sintering methods limit iteration speed and struggle with refractory or compositionally complex systems. California Nanotechnologies (Cal Nano) employs an integrated workflow combining cryogenic attrition milling (–180 °C) with Spark Plasma Sintering/FAST to enable rapid, scalable powder-to-part processing. Cryogenic milling supports uniform alloying of hard or reactive powders while minimizing oxidation, and SPS provides minute-scale densification suitable for fast screening and production of near-net-shape components. Case studies include refractory HEAs, high-entropy ceramic systems, and multi-layer diffusion-bonded structures, with large-format consolidation enabled by Cal Nano’s MSP-5 system (450 mm electrodes, 500 mm open height). This approach provides a flexible, production-oriented pathway for accelerated development and manufacturing of HEA and HEC components. |