| Abstract Scope |
Additive manufacturing has recently generated interest due to its convenience, speed, and versatility compared to traditional manufacturing methods such as casting or forging. One such method is Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM), which uses welding to deposit layers of metal, providing alternate construction methods for metallic parts. However, welding and WAAM are subjected to residual stresses from localized high temperatures during the process, which accumulate and interact as subsequent layers are added. This affects the final geometry and, in some cases, the ability to continue accurate metal deposition on large parts. Though distortion is a known phenomenon in welding, examining and quantifying the effects on additively manufactured parts remains to be investigated in greater detail. This study examines distortion as a function of welding process variables while keeping weld volume constant: high and low heat input, weaved bead progression, preheating the substrate, and peening after each bead. Distortion is characterized, and methods for mitigating distortion in WAAM-made parts and welding are discussed. |