| Abstract Scope |
Previously, we investigated Ti-6Al-4V optimization by partially replacing titanium (Ti) with Ni, Co, Cr, and Fe to improve grain refinement and mechanical performance. In this study, we extend that work by systematically evaluating substitutions of aluminium (Al) and vanadium (V) in Ti-6Al-4V with nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr), maintaining 90 wt.% titanium (Ti). The total alloying elements were precisely maintained at 10 wt.% by exploring various substitution ratios. An automated computational approach using Bayesian optimization was applied to efficiently identify the optimal alloy based on growth restriction factor (Q), liquid-to-solid (L/S) ratio, and freezing range.
The optimized alloy, Ti-4.2Al-2.8V-0.8Ni-2.0Co-0.2Cr (wt.%), demonstrated superior solidification behavior with enhanced grain refinement, significantly improved mechanical properties, and an intermetallic-free microstructure. These combined improvements emphasize the potential of computational thermodynamics and optimization methods in developing advanced, sustainable titanium alloys tailored specifically for additive manufacturing applications. |