| Abstract Scope |
Lithium metal is a critical material used in aerospace alloys and batteries, with global production currently at 2,000 tons per year and projected demand exceeding five million tons annually by 2050. Conventional lithium metal production via molten salt electrolysis is energy-intensive, produces chlorine gas, and distillation is required to remove sodium and potassium impurities, posing safety risks. Recent advancements in room-temperature lithium electrowinning offer promising alternatives. Argonne National Laboratory has developed a patented two-compartment electrochemical cell technology that operates at ambient temperature, producing lithium metal at the cathode and oxygen gas at the anode. The technology can produce bulk metallurgical-grade lithium metal, reducing energy consumption and eliminating chlorine gas emissions. Room-temperature electrowinning technologies, including those developed by Argonne, represent a transformative approach to lithium metal production. |