| About this Abstract | 
   
    | Meeting | 2025 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition | 
   
    | Symposium | Advances in Biomaterials for Bioink Formulation and 3D Printing of Scaffolds | 
   
    | Presentation Title | A-4: Rapid 3D Printing of Electro-Active Hydrogels | 
   
    | Author(s) | Wenbo  Wang, Xiangfan  Chen | 
   
    | On-Site Speaker (Planned) | Wenbo  Wang | 
   
    | Abstract Scope | Electroactive hydrogels (EAH) are gaining attention for their ability to change shape under electric fields, making them ideal for biosensors and soft actuators. This study focuses on a tunable EAH for high-resolution 3D printing via the micro continuous liquid interface production (µCLIP) process. The resin is formulated with acrylic acid (AA) and 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (4-HBA). AA's carboxyl groups enable electro-actuation by generating osmotic pressure, causing swelling and bending towards the cathode. 4-HBA tunes the mechanical strength, providing an elastic backbone. Our findings show the hydrogel's strength, flexibility, and bending across different compositions and electric field strengths. The µCLIP process successfully 3D-printed intricate structures capable of delicately handling soft objects. We also demonstrated these hydrogels' potential in underwater robotics. The combination of AA’s electro-responsiveness with 4-HBA’s durability offers extensive practical applications, marking significant progress in soft robotics, wearable electronics, and biomedical devices. | 
   
    | Proceedings Inclusion? | Planned: | 
 
    | Keywords | Additive Manufacturing, Polymers, Electronic Materials |