Rare Metal Extraction & Processing: New Extractant and Biometallurgical Processing
Sponsored by: TMS Extraction and Processing Division, TMS: Hydrometallurgy and Electrometallurgy Committee, TMS: Recycling and Environmental Technologies Committee
Program Organizers: Takanari Ouchi, University of Tokyo; Kerstin Forsberg, KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Gisele Azimi, University of Toronto; Shafiq Alam, University of Saskatchewan; Neale Neelameggham, IND LLC; Hojong Kim, Pennsylvania State University; Alafara Baba, University of Ilorin; Hong (Marco) Peng, University of Queensland; Athanasios Karamalidis, Pennsylvania State University; Shijie Wang, Coeur Mining, Inc
Tuesday 8:00 AM
March 21, 2023
Room: 30B
Location: SDCC
Session Chair: Shafiq Alam, University of Saskatchewan; Kerstin Forsberg, KTH Royal Institute of Technology
8:00 AM Invited
New Insights on Titanium(IV) Speciation to Improve the Purification of Concentrated Phosphoric Acid: Alexandre Chagnes1; Lucas Mangold1; Hubert Halleux2; Gerard Cote3; 1Universite De Lorraine-Georess; 2Prayon; 3IRCP
The first step of phosphoric acid production consists in leaching phosphate-containing material (mainly from primary resources) with sulfuric acid. During this step, a wide range of metallic elements are also leached, leading to high concentrations of impurities in phosphoric acid. Solvent extraction is the suitable technology to reach a high extraction efficiency of phosphoric acid while minimizing impurities co-extraction. In the case of an extraction solvent containing a mixture of n-tributyl phosphate (TBP) and di-iso-propyl ether (DiPE), titanium(IV) is co-extracted with phosphoric acid. In order to reduce titaniul(IV) co-extraction, it is of great interest to understand the mechanisms involved at the liquid-liquide interface, which is controlled by the speciation. In this work, titanium(IV) speciation in 4-14 mol.L-1 phosphoric acid has been investigated by processing UV-Visible and 31P NMR spectral data by means of chemiometric tools combined with appropriate physico-chemical models.
8:30 AM
Di-phenols Functionalized Chitosan as Selective Adsorbents for Extraction of Germanium: Madhav Patel1; Athanasios Karamalidis1; 1Penn State University
In the current study, catechol functionalized chitosan, C-Cat, was investigated for selective solid-phase extraction of germanium. Germanium is one of the critical elements because of its growing demand, supply risk, and inefficient production. The current Ge production processes, such as chlorination-distillation and solvent extraction, suffer from high energy requirements, high chemical consumptions, impurities co-extractions, and waste stream generations. The adsorbent was synthesized via Schiff's base reaction. The adsorbent morphology was different from the chitosan due to surface modification. C-Cat adsorbed Ge selectively in the presence of competitive ions with Kd values of 10832.0 mL/g at pH 3 and 7417.6 mL/g at pH 4. The selectivity for Ge was also observed in Ge-spiked coal fly ash leachate. The distribution coefficients were correlated with metal hydrolysis constants, and linear free energy relationships were developed for C-Cat. These LFERs can be used to predict the selectivity of C-Cat using the metal hydrolysis constants.
8:50 AM
Recycling of Copper and Gold from Waste Printed Circuit Boards by Leaching Followed by Solvent Extraction: Kamalesh Singh1; Mudila Dhanunjaya Rao2; 1Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University); 2Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), CSIR- National Metallurgical Laboratory
This article presents a two-stage, eco-friendly hydrometallurgical route for the recovery of gold from the delaminated metallic layers of waste mobile phone Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs). The downsized PCBs treated with an organic solvent dimethylacetamide (DMA) for the separation of metallic fraction from non-metallic glass fiber. The liberated metallic sheets are used for the selective dissolution of copper in an aqueous leaching reagent. Influence of various parameters such as type of leaching reagent, the concentration of the solution, temperature, time and pulp density are optimized for the effective leaching (almost 100%) of copper. Results show that 3M nitric acid is a suitable reagent for copper leaching but gold remained in solid residue. In the second stage, the separated residue is used for the recovery of gold by sulphuric acid with a combination of halide salt. Results have shown that almost 92 % of gold is recovered at the optimized parameters.
9:10 AM Invited
Recovery and Separation of Vanadium and Tungsten from Spent SCR Catalyst by Hydrometallurgical/ Hybrid Routes: Rajesh Kumar Jyothi1; Ana Belen Cueva Sola2; Jong Hyuk Jeon1; Jin-Young Lee2; 1Korea Inst of Geoscience & Mineral Resources; 2Korea University of Science and Technology (UST)
One of the most harmful air contaminants are nitrogen oxides (NOX) produced in combustion processes. To reduce the effluents the most effective technology to date is selective catalytic reduction (SCR). Due to the increasingly strict environmental regulations, the demand of SCR catalyst has increased and inevitably, the disposal of spent catalyst increased accordingly. Most catalysts for stationary applications contain 0.5-1.5% wt V2O5 and 7-10% wt of WO3 in a TiO2 matrix and due to the environmental burden of disposal and the necessity of finding secondary sources for the valuable metals, the recycling of spent SCR catalyst becomes a pressing issue.During this investigation, two tertiary amines were compared to observe the effectiveness in the extraction of vanadium and tungsten, the enrichment process was optimized and the loaded organic (9 times concentration) went through a crowding process. Vanadium was replaced by tungsten to obtain a highly pure tungsten loaded organic.
9:40 AM Break
10:00 AM
Removal of Selenium from Chloride Media using Bioadsorbent: Mohamed Abdallah1; Shafiq Alam1; 1University of Saskatchewan
Selenium is an important mineral for plants and living organisms. Trace amounts of selenium are needed for our everyday functions, however, when large amounts are consumed, it becomes really dangerous with adverse health effects; as a result of this, its removal has been the focus of many studies over the past decades. The mining and refining industries release the most amounts of selenium which are present in their wastewater in most cases. This paper will discuss the removal of selenium from chloride media by adsorption using biobased materials. Data analysis revealed that the adsorption rate of selenium on lignin progressed via the pseudo-second order rate model. Adsorption isotherm model studies indicate that the adsorption of selenium by lignin followed the Freundlich adsorption isotherm. Other thermodynamic data were calculated to examine the nature and efficiency of selenium removal from chloride media.
10:20 AM
Biosorption as a Vital Tool for Metal Recovery in Effluent Treatment: Review: Shilpa Kalamani Bawkar1; Pramod Singh2; Pankaj Kumar Choubey1; Rekha Panda1; Jhumki Hait1; Manis K Jha1; 1CSIR-National Metallurgy Laboratory; 2Netaji Subhas University
Present paper is focused on application of environment friendly process on metals adsorption using bioadsorbent. Huge amount of effluents is generated in electronic manufacturing/ recycling industries containing various metals such as Cu, Cr, Pb, Zn, Ni, etc. Exhaustive review has been made based on varieties of adsorbent, targeted metals and medium. Objective of this review is to find out low cost, easily available, potential adsorbent for metal reclamation. Present paper is engrossed towards ‘Bioadsorption’ as a vital tool for metal recovery. It includes various classified bioadsorbent with their mode of action, adsorption capacities and feasibility. It gives overview to researchers and industrialist to find out potential bioadsorbent for further research in effluent treatment and metal recovery. Based on the salient features of developed processes, recommendation of suitable processes has also been made.