Printed Electronics and Additive Manufacturing: Functional Materials, Processing Techniques, and Emerging Applications: Session III
Sponsored by: TMS Functional Materials Division, TMS: Thin Films and Interfaces Committee
Program Organizers: Tolga Aytug, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Pooran Joshi, Elbit Systems of America; Rahul Panat, Carnegie Mellon University; Yong Lin Kong, University of Utah; Konstantinos Sierros, West Virginia University; Changyong Cao, Case Western Reserve University ; Dave Estrada, Boise State University; Ravindra Nuggehalli, New Jersey Institute of Technology
Tuesday 2:30 PM
March 21, 2023
Room: Sapphire 411B
Location: Hilton
Session Chair: Yong Lin Kong, University of Utah; Rahul Panat, Carnegie Mellon University; Kai Li, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
2:30 PM Invited
Reducing Variability Within Printed Electronics Through Process and Material Innovations: Joseph Andrews1; 1University of Wisconsin – Madison
Printed electronics has shown tremendous promise towards enabling a low-cost manufacturing scheme for fabricating large-area and flexible electronics. However, one of the primary challenges within printed electronics research is variability. This variability stems from the processes as well as the materials and must be addressed wholistically for the technology to mature. In this talk, I will present two main avenues to reduce variability that my laboratory is investigating. First, I will discuss a novel technique for process monitoring that allows for in situ feedback of the droplet stream during aerosol jet printing. Next, I will discuss material innovations to improve the uniformity within a hallmark printed device, the thin-film transistor. I will conclude the talk with a perspective on the types of applications that could benefit from printed electronics, specifically if the variability issues can be addressed.
2:55 PM
Miniaturizing Direct-write of Porous Graphene Lines by Combining Fiber Laser-induced Carbonization with Photoinitiator Printing: Soumalya Ghosh1; Moataz Abdulhafez1; Mirza Sahaluddin1; Mostafa Bedewy1; 1University of Pittsburgh
Fabrication of graphene directly on polymers is crucial for many applications of flexible electronics including sensors, supercapacitors, and biointerfaces. While printing methods can be used, they require the creation of inks followed by repeated printing steps and postprinting annealing. Hence, the one-step direct-write nature of laser-induced graphene (LIG) process makes it an attractive alternative. Nevertheless, most previous work on LIG relied on continuous-wave CO2 lasers, which are largely limited to 100s microns resolution. Here, we develop a new approach that leverages the smaller spot sizes possible in pulsed Fiber lasers. Importantly, the absorption of polyimide at the 1064 nm wavelength is dramatically reduced compared to CO2 laser, which inhibits graphene formation. To overcome this challenge, we introduce a step of photoinitiator printing prior to laser patterning. Our approach enables fabricating lines down to 40 micron width, which are promising for microelectrode arrays in flexible devices such as neural interfaces.
3:15 PM
Study & Analysis of Ring Assisted Electrohydrodynamic Jet (e-jet) Printing of Micro & Nano Structures: Savan Suri1; Konstantinos Sierros1; 1West Virginia University
Given the recent advancements in the additive manufacturing methodologies, the technologies involving the 3D printing of micro and nano materials have not been explored much. One of the effective methods to print such small scale patterns is Electrohydrodynamic jetting, also called e-jet printing. E jet printing process has been used in the literature to print microscale structures in forms of a dost, lines and grid patterns. However, reaching to nano scale is still a difficult challenge. In this study, we propose to use the electrohydrodynamic jetting process to print nano scale structures assisted with a biased ring electrode system. The study tries to understand the electrostatic effects of the potential applied by the ring electrode system to the jetting stream. Experimental work is supported by the simulation treatment using COMSOL has been presented in the paper.
3:35 PM Invited
Unconventional Materials and Device Architectures for Tomorrow’s System Needs: Harish Subbaraman1; 1Boise State University
As the demand for new emerging technologies and applications is increasing, the devices and architectures are constantly being upgraded or transformed. One such transformational field of study, namely printed hybrid electronics and optoelectronics, deals with the integration of unconventional materials within flexible or rigid device architectures to provide capabilities beyond those currently available in applications ranging from agriculture, environmental and structural monitoring, and medicine to extreme environments such as those present in space, deep-earth, and nuclear reactors. This talk will highlight unique ‘electronic’ as well as ‘optoelectronic’ materials, processing methods, and designs best suited to solve challenges in the areas of manufacturing, sensing, and energy.
4:00 PM Break
4:20 PM
Development of a Metamaterial Honeycomb Structure for Radar Absorbing Materials: Mariam Mansoori1; Safieh Almahmoud1; Daniel Choi1; 1Khalifa University
.Radar is a sensitive detection tool that uses electromagnetic radio waves to determine the position and motion of the objects. Since its development, the methods for reducing radar wave reflections have been explored to improve the stealth technology. One of the methods for reducing radar reflection is coating the aircrafts by radar absorbing metamaterial. This research studies the radar absorption properties of a metamaterial honeycomb structure which has a gradient protruded inner walls that is made of a radar absorbing material fabricated with carbon nanotube (CNT)-based iron oxide composite. The CNT-based iron oxide composite materials were first prepared then electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding measurements were conducted to obtain the permeability and permittivity values of the material. The effect of changing the geometrical parameters of the honeycomb structure (size, height, thickness and tilted angle) on the radar absorption properties has been simulated using Multi-Physics COMSOL. Simulation results showed that the optimum structure can absorb more than 90% of the radar incident waves in X-band frequencies and can reach a RL peak value of -52 dB
4:40 PM
Wet Chemical Synthesis of Patterned Bismuth Ferrite Thin Films by Direct Writing (Printing) and Characterization Using Printed Electrodes: Sanjeev Patil1; Parasuraman Swaminathan1; 1Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
BiFeO3 is a realistic candidate to replace PZT in piezoelectric applications owing to lead toxicity, safety, and disposal hazards. In this work, BFO coatings were deposited on FTO, ITO, and quartz substrates via direct writing using a customized printer with optimized printing and extrusion parameters. A precursor-based ink was developed that remains stable for upto 9 months without aggregation or phase separation. BFO phase purity was ascertained by XRD, SEM-EDS, Raman spectroscopy, while ink characteristics were optimized for printability using contact-angle (wettability) and viscosity tests. Optical profilometry confirmed film thickness, while UV-vis spectroscopy indicated optical bandgap of 2.6-2.9 eV.Traditional top-bottom electrodes deposited by sputtering necessitated high vacuum, mask, and expensive pure gold targets with expensive material loss. This work optimized extrusion and nozzle parameters in direct writing to print silver nanoparticles as square/circular electrodes to get Ag/BFO/ITO, Ag/BFO/FTO, and Ag/BFO/quartz heterostructures to frugally obtain contacts required for electrical characterization.