Energy Technologies and CO2 Management: Renewable Energy and Combustion Technologies
Sponsored by: TMS Extraction and Processing Division, TMS Light Metals Division, TMS: Energy Committee
Program Organizers: Shafiq Alam, University of Saskatchewan; Donna Guillen, Idaho National Laboratory; Fiseha Tesfaye, Metso Metals Oy, Åbo Akademi University; Lei Zhang, University of Alaska Fairbanks; Susanna Hockaday, Curtin University, WASM; Neale Neelameggham, IND LLC; Hong (Marco) Peng, University of Queensland; Nawshad Haque, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization; Liu Yan, Northeastern University
Monday 9:35 AM
March 20, 2023
Room: 33B
Location: SDCC
Session Chair: Donna Guillen, Idaho National Laboratory; Susanna Hockaday, Curtin University, WASM
9:35 AM Introductory Comments
9:40 AM
Analysis of Environmental Impact of Vertical Axis Wind Turbine using Circular Economy Approach: Satyendra Dayalu1; Shalini Verma1; Akshoy Ranjan Paul1; Nawshad Haque2; 1Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad; 2Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization
The need for energy is constantly growing due to economic, population growth, and technological advancement. In India, coal is the largest contributor with about 75% in electricity generation in 2019 but coal combustion produces higher emissions. Thus, the contribution of renewables (especially wind) is gaining importance in recent years due to its’ easy availability and low carbon emission. The wind turbine does not impact the environment in its operational phase, however, raw material extraction, production, transportation and decommissioning affect the environment through the harmful emissions. The aim of this study is to integrate the circular economy in the life cycle of VAWT. The study will present the assessment of environmental impact for baseline case and circular economy scenario (recycling and reusing) of materials used in VAWT production. Integration of circular economy with wind energy is likely to be a sustainable transition with reduced emissions.
10:00 AM
Corrosion and Erosion Protection to Accelerate Deployment of Sustainable Biomass: Patrick Shower1; Voramon Dheeradhada1; Scott Weaver1; Bruce Pint2; Michael Pagan3; Suresh Babu3; Aida Amroussia1; Martin Morra1; Gilad Zorn1; Anteneh Kebbede1; 1GE Research; 2Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 3University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Thermochemical processing of sustainable biomass paired with carbon capture and storage has the potential to provide 1/7th of the emission mitigations necessary for the world to meet net-zero targets by 2050 while also providing carbon-negative fuel, electricity, and economic development. This work has developed coating solutions to mitigate the hot corrosion that occurs when biomass is processed in boilers, gasifiers, and other thermal conversion equipment, in addition to coating solutions to mitigate solid particle erosion that occurs when steam turbines are used for aggressive load following. Analysis of 66 hot corrosion coatings and 75 solid particle erosion coatings reveals unique mechanisms that enable significantly improved performance relative to conventional coatings used today without increasing material cost. Implications of this work to fuel flexibility, process efficiency, and lessons learned utilizing ICME will also be discussed. This material is based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FE0031911.
10:20 AM Break
10:40 AM
Development of Indium-tin Oxide Thin Films on PAMAM Dendrimer Layers for Perovskite Solar Cells Application: Firdos Ali1; Alecsander Mshar1; Ka Ming Law1; Xiao Li1; A. Hauser1; Shanlin Pan1; Dawen Li1; Subhadra Gupta1; 1University of Alabama
We have employed a PAMAM dendrimer monolayer to reduce the surface roughness of sputter-deposited indium-tin oxide (ITO) films, which will be used in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells. A PAMAM-8 dendrimer monolayer was deposited by dip coating the substrates in 25 ml of a 1 μM PAMAM-8 ethanol solution before ITO deposition. ITO films of 150 nm thickness were then deposited onto the PAMAM monolayer using DC magnetron reactive sputtering. The surface roughness, sheet resistance, and transmissivity of the ITO films were optimized by varying the parameters of the sputtering process and post-deposition annealing process. An rms film roughness of < 1 nm, a sheet resistance of < 10 Ω/sq, and a transmissivity of > 90% at a wavelength of 400 nm to 700 nm were obtained after the optimization steps. A power dependence was seen on the ITO film surface roughness, with the lower powers yielding smoother films.
11:00 AM
DFT Study of CuS-ZnS Heterostructures: Louis Oppong-Antwi1; Judy Hart1; 1University of New South Wales
Heterostructure and solid solution formation provide new approaches to tuning the optoelectronic properties of semiconductor materials. In this work, using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the structural and optoelectronic properties of CuS-ZnS heterostructures were systematically studied as a function of ZnS layer thickness. The results show that varying the thickness of ZnS influences the gap between the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) of the structure. Also, the electronic properties of the CuS-ZnS heterostructures are sensitive to changes in the bonding environment at the interface, with particular thicknesses of ZnS corresponding to interfacial arrangements that give lower formation energies and HOMO-LUMO gaps than other structures. Based on the results, CuS-ZnS heterostructures can be expected to have tunable optoelectronic properties with HOMO-LUMO gaps in the energy range of visible light.