Composite Materials for Sustainable Eco-Friendly Applications: On-Demand Oral Presentations
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division, TMS: Composite Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Brian Wisner, Ohio University; Ioannis Mastorakos, Clarkson University; Simona Hunyadi Murph, Savannah River National Laboratory
Monday 8:00 AM
March 14, 2022
Room: Energy & Environment (including REWAS 2022 Symposia)
Location: On-Demand Room
The Formation of Schwertmannite and Its Influence on Mine Environment: Yao Xiong1; 1Central South University
Schwertmannite (Sch) is known to be an effective scavenger of arsenic (As) discovered in recent years due to its strong binding affinity for toxic As species, which mainly exists in the acid mine drainage (AMD) rich in Fe and S. However, the evolution and adsorption of schwertmannite under As-bearing AMD conditions is poorly understood. The researchers believe that schwertmannite is a kind of tunnel structure with large specific surface area. It has an important influence on the adsorption of heavy metal elements in the environment, which makes it hopeful to become an efficient and low-cost biomaterial in the future sewage treatment. This paper introduces the structure, formation process and interaction of schwertmannite with heavy metal elements, and discusses its application prospects in sewage treatment.Key words: Schwertmannite; Biomaterial; Sewage treatment; Adsorption
Characterization of PLA Bio-nanocomposites with Bacterial Cellulose Derived from Banana Peels: Erin-Nicole Scott1; 1Tuskegee University MSE Department
The demand of bio-based polymers has recently risen due to the limited supply of petroleum-based polymers. The bio-based polymers are better for the environment, renewable, and, in some cases, biodegradable. In this study, poly(lactic) acid, or PLA, will be used to make nanofiber mats by force spinning. To enhance these fibers, bacterial cellulose, grown using banana peels as a feeding stock, will be added. The bacteria source used is called a SCOBY (symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast). The bacterial cellulose will form a gelatin-like layer on the medium surface. The mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of the PLA/ cellulose fibers will be assessed.
Recycling Diesel Combustion Byproducts as Anode Electrode Material for Lithium-ion Batteries: Darrell Gregory1; Sisi Yang2; Cody Massion1; Mileva Radonjic1; Stephen Cronin2; Omer Ozgur Capraz1; 1Oklahoma State University; 2University of Southern California
According to the Environmental Protection Agency’s National Emissions Inventory Report, hundreds of thousands of tons of particulate matter (PM2.5) are released by diesel combustion per year. The PM2.5 air pollution causes serious public health problems and is responsible for millions of worldwide deaths each year. In this study, we investigate the electrochemical energy storage capability of annealed soot PM originating from diesel exhaust. The electrochemical performance of these electrodes was tested with various electrochemical techniques. The electrode demonstrated an initial discharge capacity of 154 mAh/g at 4C rate with a capacity retention of almost 77% after 500 cycles. Kinetic analysis, obtained through cyclic voltammetry at different scan rates, indicates pseudocapacitive charging behavior in the soot composite electrode. Our study provides a viable pathway towards a sustainable energy-environment by converting an abundant pollutant into a valuable electrode material for Li-ion batteries.
Understanding Photocarrier and Gas Dynamics to Rationally Design Heterostructured Nanocatalysts for Solar CO2 Conversion: Anthony Thompson1; 1Savannah River National Laboratory
Recent research in CO2 photoconversion has been focused on catalyst development, including significant efforts to extend photon absorption to the visible range of the solar spectrum. However, there remains a knowledge gap in understanding the dynamics of photocarriers (generation, trapping, diffusion, recombination) and how they relate to adsorption and the dynamics of adsorbed gases and intermediates on the surface of nanostructured catalysts. We have developed new techniques to elucidate these processes using continuous and pulsed laser excitation coupled with in situ electron paramagnetic resonance and diffuse reflectance IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy with product detection by mass spectroscopy. These techniques are coupled with molecular beam scattering, temperature programmed desorption, and transient absorption spectroscopy to gain insight into how charge carriers interact with adsorbed gases on the surface of semiconductor oxide catalysts. Knowledge obtained from these studies will be used to rationally design the next generation of photocatalysts for solar CO2 conversion.