Deformation-induced Microstructural Evolution during Solid Phase Processing: Experimental and Computational Studies: Deformation Induced Microstructural Evolution III
Sponsored by: TMS Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division, TMS: Shaping and Forming Committee
Program Organizers: Arun Devaraj, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Pascal Bellon, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Suhas Eswarappa Prameela, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Mostafa Hassani, Cornell University
Wednesday 8:30 AM
March 22, 2023
Room: 29C
Location: SDCC
Session Chair: Pascal Bellon, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
8:30 AM Introductory Comments
8:35 AM Invited
Microstructural and Chemical Evolution of Frictional Contacts: Izabela Szlufarska1; 1University of Wisconsin-Madison
A critical challenge in designing materials with superior tribological properties is the limited understanding of how the contact interface and the microstructures of contacting materials evolve during sliding. This evolution may include grain growth and refinement, evolution of dislocation networks, interaction of dislocations with interfaces, chemical mixing etc. All these phenomena can contribute to energy dissipation (friction) and they can affect the dominant type and amount of wear. In this talk, I will summarize the present understanding of how the microstructure of metallic contacts evolves during sliding and how this evolution can be controlled. I will also discuss how mechano-chemical changes that occur in contacts at the molecular scale, can have a significant impact on friction and adhesion of macroscale contacts, including geological slip in crustal faults. Finally, I will introduce the concept of chemical creep, where interfacial chemical reactions lead to measurable creep in mechanical contacts.
9:05 AM
Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Modeling Integrated with Transformation Induced Plasticity of Metastable Austenitic Steel at Low Temperature: Hyukjae Lee1; Tan Nguyen2; Jinwook Jung1; Sung-Tae Hong2; Myoung-Gyu Lee1; Heung Nam Han1; 1Seoul National University; 2University of Ulsan
A temperature-dependent crystal plasticity model incorporated with transformation-induced plasticity of metastable austenite was developed. The model accounts for a dislocation-based hardening law for multiple slip systems and plastic strain caused by lattice structure change during phase transformation. A mean-field homogenization scheme was utilized to approximate the deformation behavior of polycrystalline aggregates. A martensitic transformation model assuming shear band intersection as a nucleation site and considering variant selectivity of martensitic variants under the stress field was adopted. The temperature dependence of the current model is based on the variation of dynamic recovery of dislocation and fraction of shear band intersection by temperature. The model was implemented into explicit finite element analysis software ABAQUS/Explicit via user material subroutine(VUMAT). For 304 ASS, uniaxial tensile property, phase fraction, and texture measurement were conducted for validation of model at low temperature in the various temperature range from room temperature to 173K.
9:25 AM
Impact of the Plastic Deformation Microstructure in Metals on the Kinetics of Recrystallization: A Phase-field Study: Ahmed Hamed1; Sreekar Rayaprolu1; Grethe Winther2; Anter El-Azab1; 1Purdue University; 2Technical University of Denmark
We investigate the impact of deformation-induced dislocation structure on the kinetics of recrystallization in metals using the phase-field approach. We specifically focus on the role of dislocation cell boundaries. The free energy formulation of the phase-field model accounts for the heterogeneity of the microstructure by assigning localized energy to the resulting dislocation microstructure realizations generated from experimental data. These microstructure realizations are created using the universal scaling laws for the spacing and the misorientation angles of both the geometrically necessary and incidental dislocation boundaries. The resulting free energy is used into the phase field model, which is solved using the finite element method. The results showed that, in agreement with experiment, the morphology of recrystallization front exhibits protrusions and retrusions. By resolving the subgrain structure, the presented algorithm paves the way for developing predictive kinetic models that fully account for the deformed state of recrystallizing metals.
9:45 AM
Meshfree Simulation of Solid Phase Processing and Microstructure Analysis Using a Dislocation Density-based Constitutive Model: Lei Li1; Glenn Grant1; Ayoub Soulami1; 1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Simulating solid phase processing (SPP) processes such as Friction Stir Processing (FSP), Friction Extrusion (FE), and Shear Assisted Processing and Extrusion (ShAPE) necessitates the use of high-fidelity constitutive models to accurately capture the dynamic temperature-dependent material flow after severe plastic deformation. The commonly used empirical models such as Johnson-Cook (J-C) and Ramberg-Osgood (R-O) are predictive only within the strain, strain rate, and temperature ranges where the model parameters are calibrated. They are also incapable of accounting for microstructural features such as crystal structure, grain size, and dislocation density. Two-variable hybrid dislocation informed viscoplastic constitutive model is developed and incorporated into a meshfree smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) framework for simulating SPP and microstructure evolution in a strongly coupled manner. It is shown that the calibrated physics-based model leads to improved predictions by accurately capturing plastic stress dependence on a wide range of strains, strain rates, and temperatures.
10:05 AM Break
10:20 AM Invited
Crystal Plasticity Simulation of In-grain Microstructure and Microtexture Evolution during Large Deformation of IF-steel: Karo Sedighiani1; Konstantina Traka2; Martin Diehl3; Franz Roters4; Jilt Sietsma2; Dierk Raabe4; 1Tata Steel; 2Delft University of Technology; 3KU Leuven; 4Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung
High-resolution three-dimensional crystal plasticity simulations are used to investigate deformation heterogeneity and microstructure evolution during large deformation of interstitial free (IF-) steel. The crystal plasticity simulations are conducted using a dislocation-density-based crystal plasticity model. The in-grain texture evolution and misorientation spread are consistent with experimental results obtained using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) experiments. Crystal plasticity simulation shows that two types of strain localization develop during the large deformation of IF-steel. The first type forms band-like areas with large strain accumulation that appear as river patterns extending across the specimen. In addition, a second type of strain localization with rather sharp and highly localized in-grain shear bands is identified. These localized features are dependent on the crystallographic orientation of the grain and extend within a single grain. In addition to the strain localization, the evolution of in-grain orientation gradients, dislocation density, kernel average misorientation, and stress are discussed.
10:50 AM
An Integrated PRISMS Framework for Simulating Twinning/Detwinning in Mg and Mg alloys: David Montiel1; Mohammadreza Yaghoobi1; Brian Puchala1; Zhe Chen1; Tracy Berman1; Qianying Shi1; Anton Van der Ven1; Katsuyo Thornton1; Veera Sundararaghavan1; John Allison1; 1University of Michigan
We present a multiscale framework to model the nucleation, propagation and growth of twins in Mg and Mg alloys. This framework integrates three open-source computational tools developed at the PRISMS Center: PRISMS-PF, a phase-field modeling framework, PRISMS-Plasticity, a Crystal Plasticity Finite Element (CPFE) framework and CASM, a Cluster Approach to Statistical Mechanics framework. A method for twin nucleation and the dynamics for twin growth are implemented in PRISMS-PF. Concurrently, PRISMS-Plasticity calculates the effect of plastic slip as well as stress and strain fields which are required by the phase-field simulation. Additionally, thermodynamic and kinetic parameters for Mg and Mg alloys required for the phase-field model are calculated using CASM. Finally, we discuss experimental in-situ EBSD measurements of the effects of alloying on twin formation that are used to guide and validate the integrated simulation framework.
11:10 AM
An integrated Computational and Experimental Study of the Alloying Effects on Texture Evolution in Mg Alloys: Tracy Berman1; Ashley Bucsek1; Yanjun Lyu1; David Montiel1; Mohammadreza Yaghoobi1; Katsuyo Thornton1; Veera Sundararaghavan1; John Allison1; 1University of Michigan
We investigate the effect of alloying on deformation and recrystallization textures in Mg-Zn-Ca alloys using both experimental characterizations and simulations. Gleeble hot compression samples were subjected to post-deformation annealing. The kinetics and mechanisms of static recrystallization were studied using electron backscatter diffraction as well as dark-field x-ray microscopy (DFXM) + high-energy diffraction microscopy (HEDM). These techniques provide information on the evolution of grain volume, grain orientation, and misorientation within the grains. The in-situ DFXM + HEDM characterization allows individual grains to be tracked throughout static recrystallization, providing valuable information on grain boundary mobility and orientation-dependent growth. In addition, we demonstrate the application of a recently-developed framework that integrates phase-field and Crystal Plasticity Finite Element (CPFE) tools to simulate static recrystallization in Mg-Zn-Ca alloys as well as its effect on the evolution of texture. Future plans include extending the capability of this framework to simulate dynamic recrystallization.
11:30 AM
Phase-field Model of Friction Stir Welding Recrystallization and Grain Growth: Floyd Hilty1; Jacob Bair2; 1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; 2Oklahoma State University
The phase-field method was used to model grain structure evolution in 316L stainless steel during friction stir welding. Recrystallization is modeled using an explicit nucleation approach where the probability of nucleation is primarily determined from the dislocation density, as calculated with the Kocks-Mecking model. Realistic strain rates and temperature profiles were obtained from smooth particle hydrodynamics and in-situ measurements. Samples of 316L stainless steel were characterized with SEM and EBSD before and after the friction stir welding process. These micrographs provide the initial grain structure and orientation to the model and validate the results through direct structural comparison and average grain size.
11:50 AM Cancelled
Young Leaders International Scholar – JIM: Strong and Ductile Metastable Single-phase High-entropy Alloys: Design, Processing, and Mechanical Behaviors: Daixiu Wei1; 1Tohoku University
Metals are indispensable infrastructure materials, and metallurgists are pursuing the realization of an exceptional combination of strength and ductility. We revealed principles for regulating both the elastic and plastic behaviors of the emerging high entropy alloys (HEAs), through first-principle calculations and thermodynamics calculations. Based on the guidelines, we proposed a series of metastable quaternary and quinary single-phase HEAs with exceptional mechanical properties. Combinational factors enhanced the mechanical performance, including the low-stacking fault energy-induced restriction of planar slip of dislocations, mechanical twinning, and strain-induced martensitic transformations. Besides, the temperature dependent plastic deformation behaviors of those developed HEAs were investigated by in-situ and ex-situ neutron diffraction measurements. The findings shed light on the basic understandings and development of high-performance metallic materials for various applications. The details on the alloy design and their mechanical performance will be discussed.
12:20 PM
Three-dimensional Phase-field Simulation of Static Recrystallization in Aluminum Alloy Combined with Bayesian Data Assimilation: Kota Matsumoto1; Eisuke Miyoshi1; Yoshiki Mori2; Kishu Akiba3; Masato Ito3; Nobuhiro Kitahara3; Kenichi Yaguchi3; Akinori Yamanaka1; 1Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; 2MA Aluminum Corporation; 3Mitsubishi Materials Corporation
Multi-phase-field (MPF) method is widely used for simulating microstructure evolution in static recrystallization of alloys. However, it is difficult to measure distribution of stored energy in deformed grains and calibrate model parameters (e.g., grain boundary energy) used for the MPF simulation, which determine the predictive accuracy of the simulation, only from experiments. In this study, we propose to employ Bayesian data assimilation based on the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) to estimate the model parameters and improving the simulation accuracy by integrating in-situ EBSD observation data into the simulation resutls. To validate the proposed methodoloy, we estimate the stored energy distribution in the deformed grains, the grain boundary energy and mobilitity by performing three-dimentional MPF simulation of static recrystallization occurred in cold-rolled industrial pure aluminum using the EnKF-based data assimilation method.