Processing and Performance of Materials Using Microwaves, Electric and Magnetic Fields, Ultrasound, Lasers, and Mechanical Work – Rustum Roy Symposium: Session II
Sponsored by: ACerS Basic Science Division
Program Organizers: Morsi Mahmoud, King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals; Dinesh Agrawal, Pennsylvania State University; Guido Link, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; Motoyasu Sato, Chubu University; Rishi Raj, University of Colorado
Monday 2:00 PM
November 2, 2020
Room: Virtual Meeting Room 19
Location: MS&T Virtual
Session Chair: Christina Wildfire, National Energy Technology Laboratory
2:00 PM Invited
Engineering Far-from-Equilibrium Materials
Using Electromagnetic Fields: B. Reeja Jayan1; Nathan Nakamura1; Laisuo Su1; Shikhar Jha1; 1Carnegie Mellon University
This talk will describe our lab’s efforts to merge exploratory experiments and computation with data-driven methods to define new thermodynamic foundations that better explain the behavior of groups of atoms under externally applied fields. We used high-resolution synchrotron x-ray studies to demonstrate the first experimental evidence that 2.45 GHz microwave fields stabilize a different atomic structural arrangements or phase(s) in ceramics like TiO2,ZrO2 compared to conventional, high temperature furnace based synthesis. Through a combination of in-situ and ex-situ characterization, as well as atomistic simulations, we show that externally applied fields can induce far-from-equilibrium phases in ceramics via a defect-mediated, field-driven, non-thermal effect. Our work thus lays the theoretical foundations for deploying electromagnetic fields as a new processing tool to access high temperature ceramic phases with minimal thermal input; allowing us to explore regions of phase space, microstructures, and properties not accessible via conventional synthesis.
2:30 PM Invited
The Use of Alternate Electromagnetic Fields to Control Biofilm: Hideyuki Kanematsu1; Hidekazu Miura2; Ryota Tachi1; Runa Okada2; Dana Barry3; Stefan Zimmerman4; Nobumitsu Hirai1; Akiko Ogawa1; Takeshi Kogo1; Noriyuki Wada1; Paul McGrath5; 1National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Suzuka College; 2Suzuka University of Medical Science; 3Clarkson University/SUNY Canton; 4Leibniz University, Hannover; 5Clarkson University
A biofilm is produced by bacterial activity and causes many problems such as scale buildup in pipes, corrosion of structures, the spread of diseases, etc. Therefore, biofilms should be controlled properly. In our laboratory, we showed that biofilm formation can be suppressed for certain bacteria at a given magnetic flux density and frequency. For this study, a new desk-top type static biofilm reactor was made and used. Electromagnetic fields could be applied with various densities of magnetic fluxes by using this setup. The reactor contained wells filled with LB culture and E. coli. Glass specimens (1cmx1cm) were immersed into them and various alternating electromagnetic fields (0.1mT – 1mT) were applied. The correlation of biofilm formation behavior with the strength of electromagnetic fields was investigated. In this case we found that biofilms could be controlled by electromagnetic fields. However, the effects also depended on the strength of the magnetic field.