Composite Materials for Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Material Development and Application: Recycled Materials for Improved Composite Properties
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division, TMS: Composite Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Brian Wisner, Ohio University; Ioannis Mastorakos, Clarkson University; Muralidharan Paramsothy, NanoWorld Innovations; Simona Hunyadi Murph, Savannah River National Laboratory

Thursday 2:00 PM
March 23, 2023
Room: 31C
Location: SDCC

Session Chair: Yahya Al-Majali, Ohio University; Simona Hunyadi Murph, Savannah River National Laboratory


2:00 PM  
Recyclable Aluminum Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) for Electric Vehicle (EV) Powertrain Applications: Mert Efe1; Jung-Pyung Choi1; Xiao Li1; Hrishikesh Das1; Xiaolong Ma1; Glenn Grant1; Darrell Herling1; 1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
    This work investigates the feasibility of hybrid dispersion strengthened aluminum MMC for electric vehicle powertrain applications such as brake rotors and gears. The hybrid composites contain fine dispersoids obtained through in-situ reactions and coarse reinforcement particles. We produced the MMC through casting and friction consolidation routes, where the casting route is mainly targeted for brake rotor applications and the friction consolidation for gears. Fine TiB2 particles were obtained through in-situ halide salt reactions as a sustainable and cheaper alternative for the casting route. Moreover, the composite becomes recyclable as a grain refiner master alloy for the casting industry. Fine Al2O3 particles are obtained through thermite-type reactions for the friction consolidation route. We measured the cast composite’s wear resistance, and the friction-processed hardness and strength to evaluate their application in electric vehicles for weight reduction and decreased non-exhaust particle emissions.

2:20 PM  
Design of Metal-ceramic In-situ Interpenetrating Phase Composite (IPC) Architecture for High Toughness Parts: Sreekumar Madam1; 1Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur
     Most modern toughening concepts for ceramics are based on the incorporation of a second phase into the ceramic matrix. A three dimensional interpenetrating phase composites (IPCs), whose architecture consists of a continuous matrix network penetrated by a continuous reinforcement network, can yield truly remarkable properties owing to their microstructure stability and enhanced fracture resistance. The most common way of producing IPCs is infiltration of liquid metal into a porous ceramic perform. In in-situ IPCs, the ceramic and metal networks are generated by thermodynamically feasible reactions and are often arranged as interpenetrating networks. For example, thermite reaction between volatile oxides and metallic elements (Al, Ti etc) generates networks of Al2O3, MgAl2O4 interpenetrated with Al-Si, Al-Mg2Si, TiAl alloy composites. The research was focussed on the development of in-situ Al-Al2O3 IPCs using recyclable silica sources and their physical and mechanical property responses at various conditions.

2:40 PM  Cancelled
Optimization of Post-consumer Glass and Sawdust Reinforced Polyester Hybrid Composite by Mixture Design Analysis: Kator Jomboh1; Adele Garkida2; Emmanuel Alemaka2; Mohammed Yakubu2; Vershima Alkali2; Wilson Eze3; 1University of Maiduguri, Borno State; 2Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria; 3Nigerian Institute of Leather and Science Technology, Zaria
    D-Optimal Mixture experiment was used to formulate an optimum composition of post-consumer glass (PCG) and sawdust (SD) reinforced polyester (UPR) hybrid composite using resin casting technique. A total of 16 runs comprising of 6 required model points, 5 Lack-of-fit points and 5 replicate points were formed with particle range of 0.5 – 0.25mm using Design Expert13 software. Four response parameters were investigated, namely; tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength and hardness. ANOVA was used to statistically analyse and optimize the responses. Run 11 (SD/13, PCG/27, UPR/60) was reported as the optimum composition with impact strength of 0.21 kJ/m2, hardness value of 74.12 HV, tensile strength of 14.64 MPa and flexural strength of 20.35 MPa. According to ANOVA, the Cubic model suited best for both tensile and flexural strength, quadratic and special quartic models for impact strength with quadratic model been the best for hardness test. Generally, tensile and flexural strength decreased with increase in reinforcements. Impact strength was highly improved with the hybrid composition. The study reported good hardness value for all samples with design predictions and actual values in agreement.

3:00 PM  
Nanocomposite Materials for Accelerating Decarbonization: Simona Hunyadi Murph1; 1Savannah River National Laboratory
    Decarbonization, solar conversion of carbon dioxide and water vapor to carbon monoxide, hydrogen and hydrocarbons is demonstrated by exposure of titania-based nanophotocatalysts under ambient light only. TiO2 nanorod arrays fabricated by physical vapor depositio are engineered with quantum dots (CdSe) prepared by solution chemistry. These nanocomposite structures are used as the photocatalysts for CO2 conversion under sunlight illumination. A gas chromatographic analysis shows that the primary products are carbon monoxide, hydrogen and hydrocarbons (methanol and methane) after several hours of exposure to sun light. The overall CO2 conversion efficiency of such quantum dot-titania nanostructures is significantly higher than that of pure TiO2 nanorod array photocatalyst. The improved conversion efficiency may result from the additional absorbance of visible light by the quantum dots and the charge separation at the CdSe-TiO2 interfaces.

3:20 PM Break

3:35 PM  
Facile Ball-milling Synthesis of Cellulosic Metal Oxide Composite for Removal Tetracycline Antibiotic from Aqueous Solution: Nergiz Zeynep Kanmaz Kelesoglu1; Pelin Demircivi1; Mehmet Bugdayci1; 1Yalova University
    Ethyl cellulose-titanium dioxide (EC-TiO2) composite was synthesized by ball-milling strategy for the first time. XRD technique was applied for characterizing the crystalline structure of the composite. Adsorption experiments were performed to measure the adsorption efficiency of EC-TiO2 and various kinetic models were used to describe the mass transfer of the adsorption process. Pseudo-second order kinetic model was fitted kinetic results. The effect of initial concentration was studied and the adsorption character was explained by using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. In addition, the effects of pH and temperature on adsorption were also investigated. The adsorption process complied with the Langmuir model and the calculated maximum adsorption capacity was 23.26 mg/g.

3:55 PM  
Detection and Mitigation of Radionuclides in the Environment: Toward a Clean Ecosystem: Simona Hunyadi Murph1; 1Savannah River National Laboratory
    Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) is the applied research and development laboratory at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Savannah River Site (SRS). The laboratory applies innovative science to provide practical, high-value, cost-effective solutions to complex technical problems. This talk presents an overview of state-of-the-art composite materials and analytical techniques used to detect and capture radionuclides in nuclear facilities, including Zn-65, Tc-99, etc. I will conclude this presentation by highlighting studies focused on airborne release fraction and respirable fraction from postulated free-fall spills in DOE nuclear facilities.