Functional Nanomaterials: Functional Low-dimensional Materials (0D, 1D, 2D) Driving Innovations in Electronics, Energy, Sensors, and Environmental Engineering and Science 2021: 1D Materials & Nanostructures
Sponsored by: TMS Functional Materials Division, TMS: Nanomaterials Committee
Program Organizers: Jiyoung Chang, University Of Utah; Michael Cai Wang, University of South Florida; Sarah Zhong, University of South Florida; Sun Choi, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Pei Dong, George Mason University
Thursday 8:30 AM
March 18, 2021
Room: RM 45
Location: TMS2021 Virtual
Session Chair: Sun Choi, Korea Institute of Science and Technology; Jiyoung Chang, University of Utah
8:30 AM Invited
3D Assembled Functional Structures from Crumpled 2D Nanomaterials: Baoxing Xu1; 1University of Virginia
A single piece of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials is too delicate to be useful in most applications for example, high-performance electrodes in energy storage. Assembling these nanomaterials into three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds to achieve superior overall performance with multiple functionalities has attracted growing interests, yet this is challenging in manufacturing. I will start with the introduction of a capillary crumpling technique to address this challenge. In this technique, 2D nanomaterials will experience large deformation and severe instability under evaporation-induced compression to create spacings when assembled, thereby minimizing restacking and retaining the large surface areas of 2D nanomaterials in the assembled 3D architectural structures. I will then present both quantitative theory and coarse-grained computational models to reveal crumpling and self-assembly mechanism in parallel with comparison with available experiments. After that, the properties of assembled 3D architectural structures will be demonstrated in terms of accessible area and mechanical strength.
8:55 AM
Facile Green Synthesis of ZnInS Quantum Dots: Temporal Evolution of Its Optical Properties and Cell Viability against Normal and Cancerous Cells: Samuel Oluwafemi1; Nkosingiphile Zikalala1; Sundararajan Parani1; 1University of Johannesburg
The inherent heavy metal toxicity of fluorescent binary quantum dots (QDs) despite their excellent optical properties has limited their biological applications. This has shifted the research focus towards toxic-metal free chalcopyrite ternary QDs such as AgInS2 (AIS), CuInS2 (CIS), ZnInS (ZIS) QDs e.t.c. Among these QDs, ZIS has been given less attention despite its advantages over other conventional ternary QDs. This is attributed to the difficulty in producing zero dimensional (0D) ZIS via aqueous synthetic route compare to other morphologies. We herein report facile and ecofriendly aqueous synthesis, properties and cellular activity of 0D ZIS. The synthesis was carried out via a reflux method using thioglycolic acid (TGA) and gelatin as capping ligand and stabilizer. The temporal evolution of the optical properties was investigated by varying the pH, TGA concentration, amount of gelatin, Zn/In ratio and sulfur concentration. The as-synthesized QDs show excellent biocompatibility towards normal and cancerous cells.
9:15 AM Invited
Scalable Synthesis of Nanofibers for Energy Storage and Filtration Applications: Yuepeng Zhang1; Devon Powers1; Byeongdu Lee1; Erik Dahl1; Sanja Tepavcevic1; Peter Zapol1; Hee Je Seong1; Ashley Simmons1; Mark Koziel1; Michael LeResche1; Krzysztof Pupek1; Gregory Krumdick1; 1Argonne National Laboratory
Nanofibers are a group of 1D-structures that often show unique properties such as enhanced electrical, magnetic, and thermal properties in a preferred direction due to high length-to-diameter aspect ratios. Nanofiber 3D networks provides large surface areas, which can have superior catalytic properties. The specific attributes of nanofibers lead to a broad applications in multidisciplinary fields. In this presentation, we will report our nanofiber development regarding solid-state lithium battery and air filtration applications. Scalable synthesis of nanofibers by roll-to-roll electrospinning technology will be presented. In-situ synchrotron-based small angle X-ray scattering of electrospinning will also be discussed, which shows significantly reduced development time and cycles.
9:40 AM
Growth Mechanism Study of Boron Carbide Nanowires: Manira Akter1; Terry Xu2; 1University of North Carolina, Charlotte; 2UNCC
Bulk boron carbide is a promising high temperature thermoelectric material for power generation. Due to its unique rhombohedral crystal structure, boron carbide exhibits unusual properties such as high temperature stability, high Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity, and relatively low thermal conductivity at higher temperatures. However, the figure-of-merit (ZT) value of bulk boron carbide is still low, preventing its wide commercial applications. Recently, boron carbide nanowires with higher-predicted ZT values were synthesized. But their rational synthesis, that requires understanding of the growth mechanisms, is not fully realized yet. To solve the issue, we have started extensive Transmission Electron Microscopy-based cross-sectional examination of boron carbide nanowires. In this presentation, obtained experimental results and proposed growth mechanisms will be discussed. The results help to controlled synthesis of boron carbide nanowires with desired thermoelectric properties.
10:00 AM
Unveiling the Origin of Morphological Instability in Topologically Complex Electrocatalytic Nanostructures: Ian Mccue1; Yawei Li2; Zhiyong Xia1; Joshua Snyder3; 1Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory; 2National Renewable Energy Laboratory; 3Drexel University
Three-dimensionally complex, nano-architectured catalysts offer disruptive advances in electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies, owing to their high surface-to-volume ratios and large pore volumes. However, these topologically complex electrocatalytic materials, especially nanoporous metals, have intrinsically metastable morphologies and degrade rapidly in service. In this study, we explored the morphological evolution of nanoporous alloy nanoparticles, and highlight the limiting atomic process of coarsening that governs degradation in nanoporous structures. Notably, through the combination of quantitative and qualitative experimental and computational metrics, this is the first instances that electrochemical coarsening was deconvoluted into distinct surface diffusion and dissolution events. Insights from this work will have a measurable impact on the effort to bridge the gap between highly active and highly stable materials. Integration of these morphologically stable, yet complex and active, electrocatalysts into electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices will yield significant improvements in both precious metal loading and operational longevity.