14th Symposium on Green and Sustainable Technologies for Materials Manufacturing and Processing: Poster Session
Sponsored by: ACerS Engineering Ceramics Division
Program Organizers: Surojit Gupta, University of North Dakota; Mritunjay Singh, Ohio Aerospace Institute; Tatsuki Ohji, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; Hisayuki Suematsu, Nagaoka University of Technololgy; Enrico Bernardo, University of Padova; Rajiv Asthana, University of Wisconsin; Yiquan Wu, Alfred University; Zhengyi Fu, Wuhan University of Technology; Allen Apblett, Oklahoma State University
Monday 5:00 PM
October 10, 2022
Room: Ballroom BC
Location: David L. Lawrence Convention Center
L-1: A Review of Minerals for Design of Sustainable Materials: Surojit Gupta1; 1University of North Dakota
Mineral chemistry is a source of inspiration for scientists. In this poster, I will review different types of mineral chemistries from sustainable perspective. It is expected that these mineral chemistries will be an inspiration for materials engineers to design next generation of sustainable and functional materials. Detailed optical microscopy of minerals will be presented from different mineral collections which have been procured by the author.
L-2: A Review on the Utilization of Fly Ash: Arshdeep Kang1; 1TIET
The coal is the most widely used material in the power plants so that the electricity can be generated. Fly ash, generated during the combustion of coal for energy production, is an industrial by-product which is recognized as a major environmental pollutant.The coal fly ash gives the material called cenosphere and it is considered to be the good utilization in many sectors all across the globe. The properties of the cenosphere make it a good material with properties like good strength, good workability and less denser and thermal resistivity. In this paper, the utilization of fly ash in construction, as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of organic compounds, flue gas and metals, light weight aggregate, mine back fill, road sub-base, and zeolite synthesis is discussed. Converting fly ash into zeolites not only alleviates the disposal problem but also converts a waste material into a marketable commodity.
L-3: Characterization of a Natural Mixed Fibers Functional Groups by Infrared Spectroscopy: Frederico Margem1; João Dornelas1; 1Uniredentor
A number of methods are available for characterization of the structural, physical, and chemical properties of natural fibers. Various methods are used for fiber identification like microscopic analysis, solubility, heating and burning technique density, staining etc. End-use property characterization methods often involve use of laboratory techniques which are adapted to simulate actual application as composite reinforcement. One of the techniques used on this kind of studies is the infrared spectroscopy. In fact, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a valuable tool in the determination of functional groups actively interacting within a fiber. In this work, a mixo f natural fibers were evaluated by FTIR to reveal these functional groups and compare to similar works on other different types of syntetic and natural fibers.
L-5: Effect of Sodium Silicate/ Sodium Hydroxide Ratio on Compressive Strength and Microstructure of Kankara Metakolin Based Geopolymer: Jacob Adejo1; Usman Muazu2; Jamilu Usman1; 1Ahmadu Bello University; 2Kaura Namoda Polytechnic
Previous studies have revealed that Kankara metakaolin could be used to produce geopolymer but there is no study on the effect of Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3)/Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ratio on its properties. In this study, the effect of Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios on the compressive strength and microstructure of Kankara metakaolin based geopolymer (KMGP) was investigated. Different KMGP samples using 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio was prepared. Compressive strength was determined after curing at ambient temperature for 3, 7 and 28 days. KMGP sample produced was characterized using FTIR, XRD and SEM techniques. Strength obtained at 28 days of curing KMGP made with 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio are 31.87N/mm2, 27.22N/mm2 and 24.90N/mm2. The microstructure analysis showed high geopolymeric formation in KMGP sample made with 2.0 Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio. The study recommends the use of KMGP made with 2.0 Na2SiO3/NaOH ratio as a green and sustainable material alternative to ordinary Portland cement.
L-6: Evaluation of Dewaxing Behavior of Alumina Green Body by a Combined OCT/TG/FT-IR System and Thermomechanical Analysis: Mariko Minami1; Junichi Tatami1; Motoyuki Iijima1; 1Yokohama National University
In the dewaxing process to remove organic compounds such as binder and lubricant from ceramic green bodies, crack formation and deformation have been important issues due to gas generation by thermal decomposition and oxidation of organic compounds. To avoid such problems, extremely low heating rates and long holding times have been applied for dewaxing, but these solutions were not always green processes. The objectives of this study were to understand and control dewaxing behavior and to optimize the dewaxing process by development of a combined OCT/TG/FT-IR system for simultaneous analysis of weight change and exhaust gas by optical coherence tomography developed for medical applications, and by evaluation of mechanical properties of green bodies by thermomechanical analysis. By using this combined system and TMA, it was found that changes in the internal structure, strength, and Young's modulus of the compacts due to dewaxing cause cracks and deformation.
L-7: Fabrication of Blue-light Emitted and Transparent Lu-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ Ceramics: Kohei Aminaka1; Junichi Tatami1; Motoyuki Iijima1; Takuma Takahashi2; 1Yokohama National University; 2Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology
α-SiAlON, which has excellent thermal and mechanical properties, is a phosphor that emits tunable blue light because of the doping of Ce3+. However, only a few α-SiAlON ceramics with photoluminescence properties corresponding to Ce3+ and high transparency have been developed. In this study, we fabricated blue-light emitted and transparent α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics using a gas-pressure sintering technique utilizing Lu3+, which has the smallest ionic radius among the stabilizable rare-earth ions of α-SiAlON. The Lu-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics exhibited higher transparency than Y-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ because of the finer grain size. The maximum emission wavelength of the Lu-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics was blue-shifted in relation to that of the Y-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics, owing to lattice shrinkage. The lower Ce concentration resulted in higher transparency and a blue-shift of the maximum emission wavelength. Furthermore, the in-line transmittance of the gas-pressure sintered Lu-α-SiAlON:Ce3+ ceramics using fine raw powders of rare-earth oxides was 50% at 600 nm.
L-8: Fly Ash Bricks: An Ecofriendly Construction Material, Its Properties and Uses in Different Environmental Areas (A Review): Manpreet Chahal1; Onkar Sidhu2; 1Viilage Ghamoor ghat PO Rampura Gujjran; 2Punjabi University, Patiala
Fly ash is generated in huge amount from thermal power plants as waste material, but it has advantages over the cement, clay and bricks that has been used in buildings, houses etc. in different parts of the world. Many researchers observed that heat emitted from cement enhanced the global warming. Besides this, bricks made from red clay causes removal of top soil which results in land degradation. The bricks that are made up of fly ash are relatively lighter in weight and stronger than common clay bricks. Along with this, fly ash is also used as a good fertilizer to crops and also be considered as a potential growth activist. Due to above environmental issues like soil infertility, solid waste, in many nations’ this wastes has been recycled into eco-friendly products that has been used as construction material. Key words:- Fly ash, Fly ash bricks, cement and clay bricks
L-9: Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Lemongrass Extract and Measurement of Their Antibacterial Activities: Tjokorde Samadhi1; Vita Wonoputri1; David Widagdo1; Selli Astuti1; 1Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared by biosynthesis method using lemongrass extract as reducing and capping agents. Lemongrass stalks were refluxed in demineralized water at 98 °C to produce the extract. Zinc nitrate solution and lemongrass extract were then mixed under constant agitation at ambient and 60 °C for periods of 6 and 24 hrs. The resulting precipitates were centrifuged and dried in an electric oven. Formation of particles during the reaction was observed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, while the presence of ZnO phase in the final product was confirmed by XRD. FTIR analyses suggested that functional groups from the extract remained in the nanoparticles. TEM imaging indicates well-crystallized nanoparticles in the 10 nm diameter order, with substantial agglomeration. Antibacterial and antibiofilm activities were measured using Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 as the model organism. All biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited enhanced antibacterial and antibiofilm activities relative to the reference commercial ZnO nanoparticle.
L-10: Purification of an Indigenous Barite Mineral for Sustainability of Operation in the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industries: Alafara Baba1; Abdul Alabi2; Fausat Akanji3; 1University of Ilorin; 2Kwara State University, Malete; 3SHEDA Science and Technology Complex
The increasing demand for pure barite as a precursor in oil and gas drilling mud cannot be over-emphasized. Despite the abundance of this mineral in Nigeria, its exploration has been facing neglect because of the lower quality that could not meet the American Petroleum Institute (API) standards. Consequently, the treatment of a Nassarawa State barite mineral through acidic and alkaline leaching was purified using a Denver flotation cell at pH 9. A leaching efficiency of 87.6% was achieved. In addition, the specific gravity of the purified barite product (BaSO4: 96-900-4486, melting point = 1465°C) gave 4.42 g/cm3 close to the API standard of 4.48 g/cm3. It is therefore recommended for use as local drilling mud in the oil and gas industries to sustain the continuous operation in industries, thereby supporting human and capital development of Nigeria among others.
L-11: Solar Energy Sizing for an Irrigation System for Field Maintenance: Frederico Margem1; Daniel Gallo1; Pablo da Silva1; Jefferson Matheus Lopes1; 1Uniredentor
Irrigation is an artificial way to promote water distribution in a cultivation given area in order to compensate the plants consumption, keeping the excellent condition for cultures development, mainly, during low rainfall. To ensure a good efficiency of the irrigation system, it is necessary to understand and define factors that directly influence the crop needs, such as the evaporation, transpiration and evapotranspiration phenomena. This paper applied solar generation systems, which presents itself as a clean, renewable and economically profitable. There were presented a modern and efficient irrigation system for the maintenance of crops in São João do Paraíso - RJ. The entire photovoltaic system was dimensioned to supply the energy need, considering the climatic data of the region, geographic position and the energy consumption of the system. With an initial investment of R$ 11,641.04, the power generation system proved to be profitable, with an estimated 9 years payback.
L-12: Sustainable Waste Processing Through Modular Anaerobic Digestion: Dylan Lew1; 1Ecotone Renewables
Food waste is a very expensive problem here in the US where annually we are wasting 408 billion dollars worth of food. That’s enough money to solve world hunger TWICE over. This rotting food is also contributing to over 8% of greenhouse gas emissions and is an opportunity to lower national and global emissions. My team at Ecotone is tackling this multifaceted problem of food waste through our small-scale digester called the Seahorse. We have a pilot system running in Pittsburgh, PA which sustainably processes 10 tons of food waste annually on-site, and produces a carbon negative organic fertilizer. Through this system, our mission is to close the food loop and turn the food waste of today into the nutrients of tomorrow.