Natural Fibers and Its Composites: A Sustainable Solution: Poster Session
Sponsored by: TMS Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division, TMS: Biomaterials Committee, TMS: Materials Characterization Committee
Program Organizers: Henry Colorado, Universidad de Antioquia; Sergio Monteiro, Instituto Militar de Engenharia; Carlos Fontes Vieira, State University Of The North Fluminense
Monday 5:30 PM
March 20, 2023
Room: Exhibit Hall G
Location: SDCC
Cement Composites Made with Powdered Coffee and Rice Husks: Melissa Zapata1; Afonso Azevedo2; Henry Colorado1; 1Universidad de Antioquia UdeA; 2Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense
Circular economy of natural materials is the best way to ensure the sustainability of many products involving food waste and other natural fibers. This investigation explores the properties of Portland cement matrix with additions of coffee and rice husks in different contents. Compression, density, optical, and scanning electron microscopy tests have been included in order to understand the feasibility of these composites and the potential of this powdered fibers in the composite materials.
Characterization of Ubim Fiber by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR): Belayne Marchi1; Sergio Monteiro1; 1Instituto Militar de Engenharia
In the context of the military, more specifically in terms of war artifacts, the search for development boils down to finding raw materials with the following characteristics: efficiency and low cost. Promising alternatives are being sought that can effectively replace current employees. Lignocellulosic natural fibers (NLFs) are potential substitutes for synthetic polymers in the war material industry. In this sense, the fiber of Ubim (Genoma baculifera), found in the Amazon region, is being studied in polymeric composites of epoxy resin and fiber, for ballistic protection. Among several necessary studies, the characterization of the composite using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is one of the many characterizations necessary for the complete study. The objective is to discover the presence of functional groups present in the structure, investigating its chemical composition, which together with other future characterizations, analyze the feasibility about the application both in ballistic vests and in other war devices.
D-23: Corozo Palm Fibers: Mechanical Behavior and Potential Use for Composites: Henry Colorado1; Jimmy Unfried-Silgado2; Luis Espitia-San Juan2; 1Universidad de Antioquia; 2Universidad de Córdoba
This research summarizes the characterization and the evaluation of corozo palm (Phytelephas schottii) fibers from the Colombian Caribbean Coast for composite materials. The characterization has been conducted with tensile single fiber tests, optical and scanning electron microscopy. These palms are very abundant in the region and its fibers are not sufficiently exploited in production processes, which could represent not only environmentally sustainable projects, but also, the derived economics could improve the economics of the local people. The current and also potential used of these fibers are discussed as well.
D-43: Effects of Aging by Immersion in Water and Functionalized Epoxy Matrix with Graphene Nanoplates in Fique Fabric-reinforced Composites: Michelle Oliveira1; Sergio Monteiro1; Fernanda da Luz1; Fabio Braga2; Artur Pereira1; 1Military Institute of Engineering; 2UFF
The demand for high quality and reliable components and materials is increasing, thus flexural test has become a vital test method both in research and in the manufacturing and development process to explain in detail about the material's ability to withstand deformation under load. This present research investigated the flexural properties of polymeric composites that reinforced by natural fiber, in particular the fique fabric, with the addition of graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) (0.1%; 0.5% and 0.9%wt) and degradation by immersion in water (0, 20 and 40 days), as it has never been reported. Using design of experiments (DoE), ie, 3-full factorial with two factors and three levels with two replications, aiming at analyzing the effects of important parameters that are the exposure time and the percentage of GNP addition. The output response measurement were identified as deflection, flexural strength and stiffness values.
D-24: Feasibility Study of Incorporation of Dyeing Sludge in Red Ceramics: Hugo Rangel1; Geovana Carla Delaqua1; José Alexandre Linhares Junior1; Afonso de Azevedo1; Sérgio Monteiro2; Michelle Babisk1; Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira1; 1Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro; 2Instituto Militar de Engenharia
Along with technological advances, the generation of residues from industry, causes major concerns. However, by treating such waste it is possible to obtain a clean disposal. Dyeing plants, during washing and dyeing, produce a solid sludge that cannot be discarded in nature due to the presence of metals from dyes and dyeing aids.Thus, this work evaluates the incorporation of dyeing sludge in traditional ceramic products. Raw materials were characterized by FRX. Specimens were made varying the percentage by weight of residue in the red ceramic, and fired at 850°C. Evaluated properties: linear shrinkage, water absorption and breaking strength. Applying a quantitative control of this sludge, it is possible to successfully obtain the properties required for ceramic products, which is an effect of the natural variability of clays. With this, in addition to gains for ceramics, the incorporation of the residue also contributes to the preservation of the environment.
Influence of the Incorporation of Particulates from the Pineapple Crown on the Impact Strength of Epoxy Systems: David Coverdale Velasco1; José Alexandre Linhares1; Noan Simonassi1; Carlos Maurício Vieira1; Afonso Azevedo1; Markssuel Marvila1; Sergio Monteiro1; 1State University of the Northern Rio de Janeiro
The study regarding the use of waste in composite materials has grown, and the pineapple crown fibers are an example. However, the processing of these fibers generates another solid residue in the form of particulates. This work evaluates the influence of the incorporation of this residue in polymeric matrix composites on impact resistance. The matrix used was a DGEBA/TETA system, with a stoichiometric ratio equal to 20 phr. Using as a reference the maximum amount of particulates in which it was possible to incorporate, formulations varring from 0 up to 100 vol% were evaluated. The impact test performed was of the Izod type, which was carried out using a PANTEC Pendulum impact testing machine, model XC-50, according to the ASTM D256-10. Through these results, it was possible to observe the influence of the incorporation of these particulates in the impact resistance of the composites.
Mitigation of Urban Noise through the Implementation of Pumice with an Air Chamber on Building Facades: Jeiser Rendón Giraldo1; Henry Colorado1; 1Universidad de Antioquia
Noise pollution generated in the city is currently one of the main environmental problems. Different studies try to address this type of pollution, which focuses mainly on noise sources from road traffic. The following work seeks to find solutions to this problem. Understanding that today a large percentage of car traffic noise is generated by the interaction between the tire and the ground. This work considers the possibility of mitigating this type of noise through the implementation of sound-absorbing facades in urban canyons. For this, it is planned to use pumice stone with an air gap of 1 cm. To characterize the conditions of an urban canyon, information from a noise monitoring station of approximately 3 years was used. To evaluate the absorption conditions of the compounds, an impedance tube was used. Finally, to show the absorption of the facade, the Sabine equation was used. The results obtained show that absorption coefficients of up to 0.45 can be achieved in the 500 Hz band. The implementation of pumice stone with an air chamber in 90% of the facade of the buildings that form an urban canyon can achieve reductions of up to 0.17 s in the RT60 for the 500 Hz band.
D-25: Tensile and Bend Properties of High Density Polyethylene Matrix Composites Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets and Jute Fabric: Ulisses Costa1; Wendell Bezerra1; Sergio Monteiro1; Andressa de Souza1; Lucio Nascimento1; 1Military Institute of Engineering
Natural fiber reinforced polymer composites are increasingly gaining space among materials with potential for engineering applications. In addition, graphene-based nanocomposites have also received notoriety due to their versatility, scalability and optimization of properties. In this sense, high density polyethylene matrix composites reinforced with graphene nanoplates (GNP) and 40 vol% jute fabric (Corchorus capsularis) were produced. From this, tensile and bending tests of the nanocomposites were carried out, to evaluate the effect that the variation of the percentage of GNP in the composite matrix. For the obtained results, it was observed a tendency of optimization of the properties, as much of bending as of traction while the amount of GNP was increased.