Advances in Powder and Ceramic Materials Science: Advances in Ceramic Materials and Processes I
Sponsored by: TMS Extraction and Processing Division, TMS Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division, TMS: Materials Characterization Committee, TMS: Powder Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Bowen Li, Michigan Technological University; Dipankar Ghosh, Old Dominion University; Eugene Olevsky, San Diego State University; Kathy Lu, University of Alabama Birmingham; Faqin Dong, Southwest University of Science and Technology; Jinhong Li, China University of Geosciences; Ruigang Wang, Michigan State University; Alexander Dupuy, University of Connecticut
Tuesday 8:00 AM
March 21, 2023
Room: 30A
Location: SDCC
Session Chair: Bowen Li, Michigan Technological University
8:00 AM Introductory Comments
8:05 AM
Development of High Voltage Multilayer Ceramic Capacitor: Hyungsuk Kim1; 1Hyundai Motors
MLCC serves as a filter for reducing the noise of electric current. BaTiO3 (BT) is currently used as a dielectric material for high-capacity MLCCs. As power and charging speed of the EVs improves higher voltages need to be selected. BT has material limitation in that the dielectric constant decreases with increasing voltage. Therefore, sacrifices has to be made in capacitance by decreasing permittivity or antiferroelectric materials need to be utilized.In this study, PLZT-based MLCC with higher dielectric constant than BT in 200~400V was developed. The contents of Pb, La, Zr, and Ti were optimized and Ni electrode was replaced with Cu to reduce cost. To solve possible Cu oxidation and PbO reduction, oxygen partial pressure was optimized. MLCC with BT was also developed by optimizing additives and BT powder size and low-temperature sintering method.
8:25 AM
Magnetron Sputtering of Ti3AlC2 MAX Phase Coating on Carbon Nanofiber and Its Electrochemical Performance: Shuang Song; Xiang Wang1; Xunrui Wang2; Jinhong Li2; 1State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences; 2School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) exhibit great potentials in the fields of electrochemical energy devices because of their extremely large surface areas, good conductivity, excellent chemical resistance and structural stability. However, the conductivity of CNFs originated from spinning of polyacrylonitrile is usually low due to their pyrolytic porous structure. Herein, conductive ceramic MAX-phase Ti3AlC2 encapsulated carbon nanofiber (CNF@MAX) was fabricated by sequential electrospinning, pre-oxidation, radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering and carbonization process. Thickness-controllable Ti3AlC2 was successfully coated on the surface of carbon nanofibers by precise control of sputtering power and time, which have unique structural and electrochemical performance advantages. The Ti3AlC2 coating showed excellent electrical conductivity, chemical and thermal stability, and strong interfacial bonding with carbon nanofibers. This work offers a feasible way to hybrid MAX phase ceramic coatings on carbon materials, which can be used as potential electrodes for advanced energy storage devices.
8:45 AM
CeO2-x Nanorods as Effective Cathode Host Materials in Li-S Batteries: Zhen Wei1; Sakibul Azam1; Randeja Warren1; Dariya Jones1; Zephyr Barlow1; Ruigang Wang1; 1University of Alabama
The emergence of Li-S batteries with favorable attributes such as low cost, non-toxicity and higher theoretical energy density (2567 Wh kg−1) triggers a global interest recently. The commercialization of Li-S batteries has been impeded by the polysulfides shuttling and sluggish redox kinetics. To address these technical issues, in this work, oxygen-deficient CeO2-x nanorods (NR) decorated on carbon cloth (CeO2-x NR@CC) were used as a dual-functional cathode host material to improve the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries. The oxygen-deficient CeO2-x NR were prepared in a simple route by tuning the surface structures of pristine CeO2 NR in strong reducing NaBH4 solution. In contrast to the pristine CeO2NR@CC control sample, chemically etched CeO2-x NR@CC with abundant implanted oxygen vacancies demonstrated better immobilization of polysulfides and dramatically accelerated electron charge transfer, leading to faster redox kinetics in Li-S batteries.
9:05 AM
Ceramic Additive Manufacturing: Applications in High-Temperature Electronics: Bhargavi Mummareddy1; Pedro Cortes1; Bharat Yelamanchi1; 1Youngstown State University
Ceramics have garnered special interest in different industries for their exclusive properties like high mechanical strength, resistance to high temperature, and corrosion. Especially in the field of electronics, and power distribution; ceramic-based components play an indispensable role. However, for the difficulties in the process-ability of intricate geometries, new manufacturing techniques are often researched. Additive Manufacturing (AM) stands out as an exemplary method for this purpose in terms of low material wastage and easy printability. In this work, diverse ceramics materials were printed using different AM technologies such as Digital Light Processing (DLP), and NanoParticle Jetting (NPJ) for producing structures to be used as circuit carriers, sensors, and heat sinks. Additionally, conductive metal-oxides such as silver, tungsten, molybdenum, and copper were printed on the ceramic substrates to suit high-temperature applications. The mechanical and thermal properties of the printed ceramic structures were also evaluated to characterize their processing-performance relationship.
9:25 AM Break
9:45 AM
Development of an Experimentally Derived Model for Molybdenum Carbide (Mo2C) Synthesis in a Fluidized-bed Reactor: Maureen Chorney1; Jerome Downey1; K. V. Sudhakar1; 1Montana Technological University
Experiments were conducted to evaluate molybdenum carbide, Mo2C, synthesis in a fluidized-bed reactor. Molybdenum was introduced to the reactor on a precursor formed by adsorption of molybdate ions on an activated carbon substrate. Design of experiments was accomplished through the use of commercial software, DesignExpert12. A matrix of seventeen experiments was developed and completed to evaluate molybdenum carbide synthesis as a function of reaction time, reaction temperature, and reactive gas composition. Conversion efficiencies were determined by characterizing the experimental products via X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The conversion model was created through the application of response surface methodology utilizing a central composite design. Confirmatory experiments were performed to validate the model.
10:05 AM
Effects of Temperature on Domain Wall Mobility in Single Crystal BaTiO3: Quinten Yurek1; Justin Cheng2; Nathan Mara2; Jessica Krogstad1; 1University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; 2University of Minnesota
It has been indirectly shown that ferroelastic domain reorientation in barium titanate occurs at lower stresses at elevated temperatures. However, the governing mechanism for domain reorientation and its dependence on temperature is not well understood. This work uses temperature-dependent in-situ SEM microcrystal (pillar) compression to understand domain motion and the role of temperature. By correlating spontaneous strain events to growing domains in SEM we calculate the shear stress needed to facilitate domain growth. It has been shown that domain movement occurs well before what has been reported as the coercive stress range in barium titanate (10-33MPa). Therefore, we aim to resolve the mechanism governing domain growth. This study will present a systematic variation of both orientation and temperature to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for tailorable domain wall mobility in a broader class of ferroelastic ceramics.