Glasses and Optical Materials: Current Issues and Functional Applications: Non-silicate Glasses
Sponsored by: ACerS Basic Science Division, ACerS Glass & Optical Materials Division
Program Organizers: Doris Möncke, Alfred University; Mathieu Hubert, Corning Incorporated
Monday 2:00 PM
October 10, 2022
Room: 412
Location: David L. Lawrence Convention Center
2:00 PM
Intermediate-range Order in Organic Glasses: Fnu Spoogmay1; Gang Chen1; 1Ohio University
Intermediate-range order (IRO) is a unique phenomenon of glasses. An important structural signature of the IRO is so-called first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) that appears at a low scattering vector position (< 2Å-1) of the X-ray or neutron scattering patterns of the glasses. Although FSDP has been observed in many different glass systems, its structural origin remains elusive and seems to be specific to the individual glass systems. The IRO has been studied extensively in inorganic glasses but very few efforts have been dedicated to organic glasses. In this paper, we select a simple organic glass system (i.e., polyestyrene) as a model system to understand the effect of molecular weight and temperature on the FSDP. We also study the effect of radiation on the FSDP using neutron radiation generated from the 4.5-MV tandem accelerator at Ohio University. The effect of radiation dose on the FSDP will also be discussed.
2:20 PM Cancelled
A Review of Head-up Display (HUD) Coating Technologies for Commercial Vehicle Applications: Sadella Santos1; Chetali Gupta1; Hilda Buss1; 1Exponent
Head-up display coatings (HUD) systems for automobiles are displays that allow users to view projected data while still permitting them to view the outside world. The projected data may be information such as navigational guidance or car speed. Originally designed for military applications, these coatings have evolved for commercial vehicle use to improve safety and visual comfort during the driving experience while still maintaining durability and performance standards. In response to recent innovations in HUD use in automobiles, this review provides a comprehensive history of these coatings and how practicality and purpose have driven their development. The different types of optical coatings are described in detail and their fabrication techniques explained. In addition to design development, we review current and future potential durability concerns that may affect the further use of these coatings in automobile applications. Finally, we will discuss whether additional testing beyond these durability standards may be beneficial.
2:40 PM
The Problem with Lead: Elizabeth Tsekrekas1; Alexis Clare1; 1Alfred University
It is predicted that there will be a significant influx in the disposal of television containing cathode ray tubes (CRT) within the upcoming decades. Since the cease in their production in the early 2010’s and the rise in new technology, many of these old CRT televisions have been discarded or simply stored. The result of which is an abundance of hazardous lead containing CRT needing to be recycled over the upcoming decades. The disposal and subsequent reuse of lead containing glasses is currently a point of concern for recycling locations. Many lead containing glasses are improperly recycled and require additional sorting from non-hazardous glass streams. Different sorting techniques relying on lead properties and possible applications for lead containing glasses have been analyzed. The goal of which is to limit the production of new lead glass and increase the reusability of the material.
3:00 PM
Structural Relaxation Mechanism of Anisotropic Alkali Metaphosphate Glass: Jun Endo1; Seiji Inaba1; Setsuro Ito1; 1AGC Inc.
To clarify the relaxation mechanism of the anisotropic glass of 12.5Li2O–12.5Na2O–12.5K2O–12.5Cs2O–50P2O5 (mol%), the change in storage modulus (Eˊ) and structure for isotropic (IG) and anisotropic (AG) glasses was investigated in the range from room temperature to above Tg. Although the Eˊ for IG monotonically decreased with increasing temperature up to Tg, the Eˊ for AG markedly dropped even below Tg and then increased to the value for IG. Raman spectra for AG showed that rapid weakening of the bond strength between alkali cations and non-bridging oxygens of some local structures in oriented chains occurred below Tg. Furthermore, the number of the local structures for AG increased with increasing temperature. These results suggest that the relaxation for AG was caused by the partial loss of cross-linking between the oriented chains below Tg and a disordering of the oriented chains due to loss of many cross-linking above Tg.
3:20 PM Break
3:40 PM Invited
Ionic Glasses: An Emerging Separate Class of Amorphous Materials with Unique Topology and Dynamic Properties: Courtney Calahoo1; Lothar Wondraczek2; 1University of Alberta; 2Otto Schott Institute for Materials Research
Glass’ lack of microstructure allows for infinite compositional tunability and makes it ideal for structure-property relationship development. Current structural models mainly focus on conventional network glasses, e.g., SiO2, consisting of a three-dimensional covalently bonded backbone. Yet, there exists a separate class of amorphous materials, ionic glasses; including classical invert glasses, geometrically frustrated glasses (sulfates, nitrates, carbonates or hydrates), mixtures of simple salts, ionic liquids and organic-inorganic hybrids. Their majority Coulombic interactions lends them to applications such as transmission windows, fast ion conductors, phase-change materials, adapted solders, hermetic seals and dielectric insulators. By evaluating the commonalities of different ionic glasses in comparison to network glasses, we recognize the importance of a non-percolating topology in the following dynamic properties: mechanical properties, ionic conductivity, relaxation processes and crystallization. This approach will be demonstrated by a study classifying ionic alkali fluoro- and chloro-sulfophosphate systems as ionic glasses.
4:10 PM
The Dissolution of Lithium Disilicate Glass under Ultrasonic Cavitation: Ben Dillinger1; Carlos Suchicital1; David Clark1; 1Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
There has been little research conducted on how ultrasonication may affect glass dissolution. The focus of this study was to examine how the mechanisms and kinetics of glass dissolution may change in a system under ultrasonication. Experiments were conducted on lithium disilicate glass in deionized water for between 1 and 7.5 hours at 50°C. Results indicated that the kinetics of glass dissolution were affected by erosion caused by cavitation created during ultrasonication. Samples with macroscopically visible erosion had ~2-3x more dissolution compared to samples without erosion. The change in dissolution was thought to be due to two processes. First, the erosion caused the surface area of the sample to volume of solution (SA/V) ratio to increase through the roughening of the surface and the release of particulates into solution. Second, the depleted layer was removed at a faster rate under ultrasonication than would normally be possible under static conditions.