Advanced Real Time Imaging: Joint session: Mechanical Response of Materials Investigated Through Novel In-Situ Experiments and Modeling
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division, TMS: Advanced Characterization, Testing, and Simulation Committee, TMS: Alloy Phases Committee, TMS: Biomaterials Committee
Program Organizers: Jinichiro Nakano, MatterGreen; David Alman, National Energy Technology Laboratory; Il Sohn, Yonsei University; Hiroyuki Shibata, Tohoku University; Antoine Allanore, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Noritaka Saito, Kyushu University; Anna Nakano, US Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory; Zuotai Zhang, Southern University of Science and Technology; Candan Tamerler, University of Kansas; Bryan Webler, Carnegie Mellon University; Wangzhong Mu, KTH Royal Institute of Technology; David Veysset, Stanford University; Pranjal Nautiyal, University of Pennsylvania
Tuesday 2:30 PM
March 1, 2022
Room: 206A
Location: Anaheim Convention Center
Session Chair: Jiawei Mi, University of Hull
2:30 PM Invited
Ultrafast Real-time Imaging and Modelling of the Dynamics of Fatigue Liquid Exfoliation of 2D Graphite under Ultrasound: Jiawei Mi1; Ling Qin1; 1University of Hull
When ultrasonic waves transmit through a liquid medium, ultrasonic cavitation bubbles and acoustic streaming flow are created. In addition, if nanometre and/or micrometre solid particles are present, the system become a complex multiphase flow system, which is common in many ultrasound-based materials synthesis and manufacturing processes. Currently, there are many scientific issues remain unsolved concerning the dynamic interactions among the solid-liquid-bubbles In this paper, I present our very recent research on the exfoliation dynamics of graphite layers under the continuous fatigue effect of ultrasonic bubble implosion in the ultrasound processing of different graphite materials. The research provides unambiguous real-time and in-situ evidence on how oscillating ultrasonic bubbles can ultrasonic bubble implosion can enhance the exfoliation of graphite layered materials. Advanced numerical modelling was also conducted to provide more quantitative understanding on the underlying mechanisms.
2:50 PM Invited
Real-time Deformation Mechanisms of Hierarchically Structured Nanocomposites Using High-resolution In Situ Testing: Tyler Dolmetsch1; Kazue Orikasa1; Tanaji Paul1; Cheng Zhang1; Benjamin Boesl1; Arvind Agarwal1; 1Florida International University
Novel nanocomposites with superior mechanical and multifunctional properties can be created by integrating unique nanofillers with 1D, 2D, and 3D architectures. Such nanofillers include boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs), 2D semi-conductors, and 3D boron nitride nanoplatelet (BNNP) foams. The addition of these nanomaterials induces complex deformation mechanisms which can only be visualized through in situ investigations. Using in situ techniques, mechanical tests were conducted in a scanning electron microscope, thus allowing for real-time imaging at multiple length scales while simultaneously collecting load-displacement curves. Localized indentation of nanotube branches, nodes, and clusters provided intrinsic material properties and interfacial interactions. Bulk composites were examined through high-load indentation, scratch tests, and micro-tensile tests to gain insight into the mechanical strength and failure mechanisms of these 3D architectures. The role of temperature on mechanical strength and deformation was examined using high-temperature indentation. These results can provide engineers with useful information for future advanced composites.
3:10 PM
NOW ON DEMAND ONLY: In Situ Atomic Force Microscopy Evaluation of the Normal Pressure-dependent Lubrication Mechanism of Phosphonium Phosphate Ionic Liquid: Filippo Mangolini1; Zixuan Li1; Andrei Dolocan1; Oscar Morales-Collazo1; Jerzy Sadowski2; Hugo Celio1; Joan Brennecke1; 1University of Texas at Austin; 2Brookhaven National Laboratory
Phosphonium phosphate ionic liquids (PP-ILs) have attracted considerable attention in tribology owing to their high thermal stability, good miscibility in hydrocarbon fluids, and excellent lubrication performance. Despite the weight of previous macroscale tribological studies of PP-ILs, a fundamental understanding of the nanoscale lubrication mechanism is still lacking. Here, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to evaluate, as a function of normal pressure, the processes occurring at sliding interfaces in situ, in single-asperity contacts. On the basis of AFM experiments, in which a diamond tip was slid on steel in PP-IL, and laterally-resolved ex situ analyses of the surface chemistry of steel by X-ray photoemission electron microscopy, low energy electron microscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, a phenomenological model will be proposed to account for the observed tribological behavior.
3:30 PM
Tension Compression Asymmetry and Plastic Anisotropy in Mg Single Crystal Response Evaluated Using Micromechanical Tests: Skye Supakul1; Manish Jain2; Bin Li3; Siddhartha Pathak1; 1Iowa State University; 2EMPA - Materials Science and Technology; 3University of Nevada, Reno
At the macroscale, pure single crystal magnesium is known to exhibit distinct plastic anisotropy and compression-tension asymmetry. However, this anisotropic behavior at the microscale is less well understood, which this work aims to accomplish. We examined the local mechanical response in individual grains of a polycrystalline Mg sample in two perpendicular directions i.e. along c-axis [0001] and a-axis 〈2 ̅1 ̅1 0〉, respectively, to investigate their plastic anisotropy. Both microcompression and microtensile tests were performed on these grain orientations to validate the tension-compression asymmetry. Tests on the near c-axis orientation demonstrate asymmetry with compression exhibiting a slip dominated response, while in tension, the response is dominated by a mixture of slip and twin deformation. In strictly microcompression tests, anisotropy is seen with a slip dominated response on the near c-axis orientation, while a mix of slip and twin dominated responses is seen on the near a-axis orientation.
3:50 PM Break
4:10 PM Invited
Understanding Deformation at the Nanoscale via In Situ SEM Mechanical Testing: Nathan Mara1; 1University of Minnesota
Since the micropillar compression technique was introduced in 2004, it has expanded from compression of single crystal metals to today’s suite of in-situ SEM mechanical testing that spans tension, compression, bending, and shear. In this presentation, I will present recent work and insights into mechanical behaviors utilizing in-situ straining in the SEM for a wide range of materials. Micropillar compression testing over seven orders of magnitude strain rate on single-crystal tungsten reveals strain rate sensitivity and activation volumes that are indicative of the dominant deformation mechanism. Micropillar compression and frustum indentation of W-based nanoporous materials and composites is coupled with Digital Image Correlation techniques to understand the effects of localized deformation on composite response. And in layered nanocomposites, imaging of shear localization during deformation provides a new understanding of the influence of atomic-level interface structure on mechanical behavior, and for design of materials with enhanced strength and toughness.
4:30 PM
Determination of Strain Path Envelope in an Optimized Biaxial Cruciform Specimen of AISI 1008 Steel under Linear, Bilinear, and Nonlinear Strain Paths: Jordan Hoffman1; Dilip Banerjee1; Mark Iadicola1; 1National Institute of Standards and Technology
The automotive industry uses sheet metal forming processes for many components. The material data, traditionally obtained from uniaxial testing, is insufficient and results in long trial and error periods and premature failures. Biaxial cruciform testing is appropriate for forming processes as sheet metals are anisotropic, but it requires special geometries to reach various biaxial strain combinations. Although cruciform specimens can be used for nonlinear strain paths, they are mostly used for linear paths and often suffer biaxial failures at strains well below the forming limit strains. An optimized AISI 1008 steel cruciform geometry was recently determined that reaches strain uniformity and failure in the gauge area under equibiaxial strain paths. This study investigates the strain path envelope of this optimized specimen, determines the strains under linear, bilinear, and nonlinear tensile loading, and ascertains the right displacement control paths needed for a chosen linear/nonlinear strain path through an optimization procedure.
4:50 PM
NOW ON-DEMAND ONLY - In-situ Investigation of Deformation Behavior of 5Mn Steel at Different Strain Rates by Digital Image Correlation: Yonggang Yang1; Zhenli Mi1; Wangzhong Mu2; Mian Li1; Mai Wang1; 1University of Science and Technology Beijing; 2KTH-Royal Institute of Technology
Advanced high strength steels (AHSSs) with excellent mechanical properties are developed in recent decades to meet the requirement of lightweight design for automobiles. Medium Mn steels, one of the third generation AHSSs, have captured various attention due to remarkable mechanical performance. Thus, unveiling and understanding the deformation behavior in medium Mn steel is urgently needed. Here, the deformation behavior in 5Mn steel is in-situ investigated under a wide range of strain rates using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. Results show that the Portevin-Le Chátelier (PLC) effect occurred when 5Mn steel deformed at all strain rates. Type A PLC bands happened at a strain rate of 10-3 s-1, corresponding to a moderate mechanical stability of austenite. With the increasing strain rate, multi-band was observed during deformation process in order to be in accordance with the high speed deformation.