Materials Engineering -- From Ideas to Practice: An EPD Symposium in Honor of Jiann-Yang Hwang: Metallurgy
Sponsored by: TMS Extraction and Processing Division, TMS: Materials Characterization Committee, TMS: Pyrometallurgy Committee
Program Organizers: Bowen Li, Michigan Technological University; Baojun Zhao, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology; Jian Li, CanmetMATERIALS; Sergio Monteiro, Instituto Militar de Engenharia; Zhiwei Peng, Central South University; Dean Gregurek, RHI Magnesita; Tao Jiang, Central South University; Yong Shi, Futianbao Environment Technologies; Cuiping Huang, FuTianBao Environment Protection Technology Company Ltd.; Shadia Ikhmayies, The University of Jordan
Tuesday 2:00 PM
March 16, 2021
Room: RM 41
Location: TMS2021 Virtual
Session Chair: Ailiang Chen, Central South University; Xiaodi Huang, Michigan Technological University
2:00 PM Invited
Effect of Boron Iron Concentrate on the Strength of Preheated Iron Ore Pellets: Li Ma1; Gele Qing; Zhixing Zhao1; Baojun Zhao2; 1Shougang Research Institute of Technology; 2University of Queensland
Pellet is one of the important feeds to iron blast furnace and increased proportion of the pellet is used around the world. Pellet production is cleaner than sinter and its uniform properties allow stable blast furnace operations. Boron iron concentrate is a by-product during production of boron and contains approximately 54% Fe, 3-6% B2O3 and 10% MgO. B2O3 can form liquid binding phase inside the pellet at relatively lower temperature which reduces the energy and refractory consumption. MgO can reduce the volume expansion rate of the pellets. It was found that, up to 60% boron iron concentrate can increase the burst temperature of raw ball to 600 ℃. When the pellets were preheated at 1030 ℃, the strength of the pellets can reach more than 600N/P with 50% boron iron concentrate. This can significantly increase the productivity of the pellet and reduce the loop formation of the rotary kiln.
2:20 PM
Metallographic Feature of a Nickel-based Superalloy in Fluoride Electrolyte Melt: Bowen Li1; Xiaodi Huang1; Jiann-Yang Hwang1; 1Michigan Technological University
In comparison with graphite electrode, a metallic electrode for salt bath heat treatment, all-electric glass smelters, and primary aluminum production has potential advantages, such as energy saving, low greenhouse emission, excellent thermal shock resistance, and easy fabrication into complex shapes. However, erosion resistance is a concern. Nickel-based alloys have been used in a variety of severe operating conditions involving corrosive environment, elevated temperature, high stress and their combinations. To investigate the feasibility of nickel-based superalloy used as an electrode material for primary aluminum production, the erosion rate of an Inco nickel-based superalloy in a standard fluoride electrolyte melt was studied. The maximum erosion rate of the superalloy in the fluoride at 1000ºC is approximately 27 microns per hour in a three hours period.
2:40 PM Invited
Phase Diagram and Thermodynamic Properties of Cu-O Binary System: Shadia Ikhmayies; 1
Thermo-Calc software is used to reassess the equilibrium temperature-composition phase diagram at 1 atm and to deduce the thermodynamic properties of Cu-O binary system at T = 1500 K. The phase diagram showed one single phase which is the non-stoichiometric Cu ionic liquid other than elemental Cu and O at the terminals, in addition to Cu2O and CuO which can be considered as stoichiometric line compounds. There are 9 fields of two mixed phases, two eutectic reactions, one monotectic reaction, and a miscibility gap. The solubility of oxygen in copper and that of copper in oxygen are determined. The molar Gibbs energy and molar enthalpy curves of the Cu2O-CuO ionic solution are plotted against mole fraction oxygen at 1500 K. The natural logarithm of the activity is plotted against oxygen mole fraction for oxygen and copper in the melt, and the activity coefficients are determined.
3:00 PM
Characterization of Mixing Conditions of Different Nozzle and Porous Plugs Setups in Non-ferrous Refining Furnaces: Anton Ishmurzin1; Daniel Kreuzer1; Goran Vukovic1; 1RHI Magnesita
Achieving good mixing conditions is of utter importance when operating a non-ferrous refining furnace in order to reduce the process time, guarantee stable process conditions and homogenize the melt sufficiently. The paper presents a way to characterize and compare the mixing efficiency of different nozzle and purging plugs arrangements using computational fluid dynamics modeling. Several arrangements of nozzles and tuyeres are compared in terms of their mixing efficiency.
3:20 PM Invited
The Formation Mechanism of the Third Phase in Nickel Electrolyte: Ailiang Chen1; Jiale Mao1; Guanwen Luo1; Sujun Lu2; Peng Zhang3; Yutian Ma3; Shengli Chen2; Zuojuan Du1; Jinxin Qiao1; Bowen Li4; 1Central South University; 2State Key Laboratory of Nickel and Cobalt Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Jinchang; 3State Key Laboratory of Nickel and Cobalt Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Jinchang ; 4Michigan Technological University
The third phase is generated inevitably, but affects the quality of the electric nickel product in the nickel metallurgical process. This paper studies the formation and the prevention mechanism of the third phase in the raffinate. The analysis of Fe-S-Si-H2O system shows that iron exists in the form of Fe3+ at the pH value ≤ 2.17. With pH increasing, Fe3+ begins to hydrolyze to form FeOH2+. FeOH2+ continues to hydrolyze to form Fe(OH)2+ at the pH value≥4.72. Fe3+ is reduced and hydrolyzed to FeOH+ when the potential ≤0.21V. The precipitation of Fe2SiO4 is reduced at the potential ≤0.35V and 5≤ pH value ≤13.2 when the solution contains silicon dioxide. The analysis of the third phase shows that it is mainly iron hydroxide, iron polynuclear hydroxyl complex ions and Fe-SO4 complexes. It provides theoretical guidance for the formation of the third phase in the extraction multiphase system. This also plays a positive role in the production of high-quality nickel products.