Recent Developments in Biological, Structural and Functional Thin Films and Coatings: Functional Thin Films and Coatings I
Sponsored by: TMS Functional Materials Division, TMS: Thin Films and Interfaces Committee
Program Organizers: Adele Carrado, University of Strasbourg; Heinz Palkowski, Clausthal University of Technology; Gerald Ferblantier, University of Strasbourg - IUT LP / ICube Laboratory - CNRS; Ramana Chintalapalle, University of Texas at El Paso; Nuggehalli Ravindra, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Nancy Michael, University of Texas at Arlington; Vikas Tomar, Purdue University
Tuesday 2:00 PM
February 25, 2020
Room: Oceanside
Location: Marriott Marquis Hotel
Session Chair: Ravindra Nuggehalli, New Jersy Institute of Technology
2:00 PM Keynote
3D X-ray Tomography Studies on In-situ Al-Cu-TiB2 Metal Matrix Composites: Prakash Srirangam1; 1Wmg, University of Warwick
The demand for light aluminium alloys and composite components is increasing in automotive and aerospace applications. Aluminium based metal matrix composites (MMC) having particle reinforcements have been found to be attractive primarily due to the properties of high specific strength and stiffness. In this study, Al-4.5Cu-5TiB2 composite is prepared by in-situ liquid metallurgy route using salts of K2TiF6 and KBF4 whose reaction produced TiB2 particles. Mushy state rolling/forging is used to reduce defects formation and to disperse of particles in the composite. Understanding the defect formation and particle distribution is essential for improving the composite properties. X-ray computed tomography (XCT) is a non-destructive technique which enables 3D visualization of microstructural features such as porosity and particles distribution in the alloy composites. Quantification of porosity and particle distribution in semi solid processed Al-Cu-TiB2 composites is presented and discussed.
2:30 PM
Bi-continuous Pattern Formation in Thin Films via Solid-State Interfacial Dealloying: Chonghang Zhao1; Kim Kisslinger2; Xiaojing Huang2; Ming Lu2; Fernando Camino2; Cheng-Hung Lin1; Hanfei Yan2; Evgeny Nazaretski2; Yong Chu2; Bruce Ravel3; Mingzhao Liu2; Yu-chen Karen Chen-Wiegart1; 1Stony Brook University; 2Brookhaven National Laboratory; 3National Institute of Standards and Technology
Solid-State Interfacial Dealloying (SSID) creates bi-continuous and large surface porous metal at nano-/meso-scale, offering potential applications such as sensing, energy storage and catalysis. We demonstrated SSID in thin film by dealloying Fe-Ni thin film with Mg film as the dealloying agent. To further understand the kinetics on morphological evolution and to design a SSID system without interaction with substrate for a wider of materials selection, we applied SSID to dealloy Ti-Cu films by Mg film. The systematic study on the influence of dealloying temperature, dealloying time, film thickness, precursor composition, and substrate selection to the morphological evolution will be presented. An etching process to further obtain nanoporous thin films from SSID dealloyed films has also been firstly conducted, with discussion on the potential applications. A multi-scale, multi-modal approach, including advanced synchrotron X-ray nano-tomography and spectroscopy, as well as electron transmission microscopy were applied to provide detailed characterization and mechanistic understanding.
2:50 PM Invited
Comparative Study of Surface and Bulk Interfacial Stresses Effect on Radiative Recombination Emission in Silicon: Sufian Abedrabbo1; Anthony Fiory2; Nuggehalli Ravindra2; 1Khalifa University; 2New Jersey Institute of Technology
Interfaces are ubiquitous in most engineered materials and devices and can exist in ultra-thin layered films, thin films on bulk materials, nanocrystals embedded in bulk materials, dislocations created by implantation or ion-beam mixing, diffused impurities and textured coated surfaces. Interfaces are credited for property modifications of interfaced materials by introduction of stresses of various sorts and levels. In this study, we focus on interfaces created in silicon and specifically address their strong effect on radiative properties of indirect bandgaps. In particular, attention is drawn to the random nature of created stresses and strains and its importance in modulating the indirect bandgap of Si favorably towards radiative recombination of free-carriers. Photoluminescence and stress level properties of surface engineered interfaces via colloidal coatings is compared to those of thermal and chemical deposited coatings. Light emission properties of zero-energy implant diffused dopants are compared to properties of same implanted dopants.
3:10 PM
Electrospun Nanofibers: Exploring the Production of Polymer Nanofiber Thin Films and their Applications for Biomedical Uses, Sensing and Filtration: Lauren Finkenauer1; James Kelly1; Bonnee Rubinfeld1; Mathew Lyman1; Jeffery Haslam1; 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Electrospinning is an exciting method for the production of fibers using an electric field to pull charged threads from polymer solutions. The size of these fibers is in the range of 100-1000 nm. Fibers are collected as bulk fiber meshes/mats. By their nature, these materials have very high surface to volume ratios – a characteristic historically exploited for filtration applications. Additionally, production of fibers directly from a liquid solution allows for fine control and tuning of fiber mat properties through adjustment of spinning parameters and solution composition including applied electric field, solution feed rate, viscosity, surface tension, conductivity and molecular weight. Here we explore the effect of these parameters on fiber spinnability and characteristics, such as morphology and microstructure. Including precursors in solutions can facilitate conversion of nanofibers after electrospinning, such as ceramic nanofibers through furnace treatments. Our group is particularly interested in filtration, sensing and biomedical applications.
3:30 PM Keynote
Engineering Nonlinear Optical Materials by Magnetron Sputtering with In situ Ellipsometry, Optical Emission Spectroscopy and Machine Learning: John Jones1; Shawn Putnam2; Lirong Sun3; Cynthia Bowers4; Jake Carter2; Nanthakishore Makeswaran5; Ramana Chintalapalle5; Augustine Urbas5; 1Air Force Research Laboratory; 2University of Central Florida; 3Azimuth Corporation; 4Wright State University; 5University of Texas at El Paso
Nanomaterials research requires the ability to measure and characterize materials created experimentally that have nanoscale features, which can be extremely difficult for traditional methods of synthesis. For example, layered oxide materials or dielectric stacks having alternating repeated layer thicknesses of 10 nm or less are difficult to make with sharp interfaces. These films can be multilayer structures designed in such a manner as to realize a nonlinear optical response, resulting in nonlinear effects such as second harmonic generation (SHG). In Situ ellipsometry is used in conjunction with modulated pulsed power (MPP) and pulsed DC magnetron sputtering (MS) for precision growth of the nanolaminates, SEM/TEM/EDS will be used for ex situ materials characterization. This technology is important because for example it can allow detection of IR signals through upconversion, or speed materials development of nanostructured materials of desired optical or electrical properties through machine learning of processing and in situ characterization.
4:00 PM Break
4:20 PM
Fabrication and Characterization of Mo-Ga Alloy Thin Films: Nivedita Lalitha Raveendran1; Ramana Chintalapalle1; 1University of Texas
Materials with thermal stability that can establish a stable contact for component layers are highly desirable for the design and development of advanced high power electronic device technologies. In this context, the present study investigates the effect of processing parameters on the physical and chemical properties of rarely investigated Mo-Ga alloy system. Mo-Ga films were fabricated on Si (100) substrates by sputter-deposition. The deposition temperature was varied in the range of 25-700oC. X-ray diffraction analysis of the deposited samples indicate the realization of nanocrystalline films at 500oC, and beyond 500oC deterioration in crystallinity was noticed. Chemical analyses indicate the formation of non-stoichiometric films at higher deposition temperature (>500oC). The optical and electrical properties of the deposited Mo-Ga films corroborates with structural features. The results will be presented and discussed to establish the structure-composition-property correlation in sputter-deposited Mo-Ga films.
4:40 PM Invited
Magnetoelectric Coupling in Multiferroic NiTiO3 Thin Films: Tamas Varga1; 1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Ferroelectrically induced weak ferromagnetism had been predicted in compounds MTiO3 (M=Fe,Mn,Ni) with the LiNbO3-type structure. In order to stabilize this metastable structure by oxide heteroepitaxy, we attempted to grow epitaxial NiTiO3 films on Al2O3, Fe2O3, and LiNbO3 substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Given the structural imperfections of the as-deposited films on sapphire substrates arising from the large lattice mismatch, we investigated the effect of post-synthesis annealing on the films’ properties. The crystalline quality of the Ni1-xTi1-yO3/Al2O3 films was greatly improved by post-growth annealing. The effect of the different kind of strain exerted by the different substrates (Al2O3, Fe2O3, LiNbO3) on the resulting electrical and magnetic properties of the films was investigated. LiNbO3 was chosen as the substrate resulting in the best quality films, both structurally and physical property-wise. Finally, ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, and their magnetoelectric coupling were demonstrated on NiTiO3/LiNbO3 films.
5:10 PM
Optical Properties of Multilayered Thin Films: Jessy Nemati1; Jonathan Martinez1; Serlly Vega1; Deva Craig1; Nuggehalli Ravindra1; 1New Jersey Institute of Technology
This paper investigates the optical properties such as transmittance, reflectance, and absorptance of multilayer films of various thicknesses, in the wavelength range of 0.1-10µm. The types of multilayers investigated include Si/Ge, Buried Oxides in Semiconductors and Antireflection Coatings for applications in Solar Cells. Surface roughness is considered in some of these case studies. The simulated optical properties are compared with similar studies from the literature.
5:30 PM
Oxidation Kinetics of Palladium: Stephen Rubin1; Nuggehalli Ravindra1; 1New Jersey Institute of Technology
The kinetics of oxidation of palladium is investigated in this study. The effects of temperature and pressure on the oxide growth of palladium is discussed. A study of the linear regime of palladium oxidation data is examined and regression analysis is utilized to analyze the oxidation of palladium. Comparison of the oxidation kinetics of palladium is made with that of ruthenium, rhodium and silver.