Advanced Materials for Harsh Environments: Session I
Sponsored by: ACerS Electronics Division, ACerS Other
Program Organizers: Navin Manjooran, Solve; Gary Pickrell, Virginia Tech
Monday 2:00 PM
November 2, 2020
Room: Virtual Meeting Room 29
Location: MS&T Virtual
Funding support provided by: NACE International
Session Chair: Gunes Yakaboylu, West Virginia University; Gary Pickrell, Virginia Tech; Navin Manjooran, Solve Technology And Research, Inc.
2:00 PM
Introductory Comments: Advanced Materials for Harsh Environments: Gary Pickrell1; 1Virginia Tech
Introductory Comments
2:05 PM Keynote
Multi-Material Optical Fibers for Cryogenic Temperature Sensing: Daniel Homa1; Navin Manjooran2; Zachary Hile1; Gary Pickrell1; 1Virginia Tech; 2Solve Technology and Research, Inc.
The real-time detection of thermal instabilities is critically important to the protection of superconducting magnetics. The limited number of currently available monitoring options in the cryogenic temperature regime has generated an intense interest in next generation sensors that meet the stringent operation and environmental requirements. The focus of this work is the development of a multi-material optical sensing fiber to provide distributed temperature measurements via mature fiber optic sensor interrogation schemes.
2:35 PM Invited
Impact of Intermediate Ratio on the Corrosion Between Interface of Alumino-silicate Glasses and Crofer 22APU/YSZ: Gurbinder Kaur1; 1Simon Fraser University
Seals are required to prevent mixing and fuel leakage of gases during operation of the planar solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). The glass/glass ceramics are appropriate candidates as sealant materials because attributed to their superior properties and compatibility with adjacent SOFC components at its working temperature (800–1000 °C). As seals are continuously exposed to a robust environment, they should also be hermetic and electrically insulating. The typical corrosion at the interface occurs due to the chromate and zirconate formation, which are detrimental phases formed during the prolonged heat treatment. Hence, for the uninterrupted functioning of SOFC, these corrosion issues should be addressed. For the present study, the diffusion couples of glass seals with interconnect/electrolyte have been prepared using the sandwich methodology followed by heat-treatment in the tubular furnace at temperature above the glass softening temperature (from 0-900oC) for 1000 h. To gain insight into the interfacial corrosion for the seal/interconnect/electrolyte couple, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and dot-mapping techniques have been widely used. The interfacial study has revealed good chemical compatibility though the diffusion of elements has occurred on either side of the interface.
3:05 PM
Air Stable Molten Salts and Corrosion Resistant Containment for High-Temperature Thermal Energy Storage and Heat Transfer for Concentrated Solar Power: Adam Caldwell1; Grigorios Itskos1; Kenneth Sandhage1; 1Purdue University
Concentrated solar power (CSP) plants utilize focused sunlight to heat a high-temperature fluid (such as a molten salt). Heat from this fluid is transferred to a working fluid (such as supercritical CO2) that is then used to drive a turbine to generate electricity. The heat-to-electricity conversion efficiency can be significantly enhanced by increasing the temperature of the working fluid entering the turbine. The resulting reduction in the dispatchable electricity cost (coupled with thermal energy storage, TES) would be an important step towards competition with fossil-fuel-based power plants and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Molten MgCl2-KCl-bearing salts are being considered as cost-effective high-temperature (≥750oC) fluids. However, these salts are prone to oxygenation/oxidation at ≥750oC which alters fluid properties and enhances the corrosion of containment materials. In this talk, we will introduce alternative air-stable, low-cost, molten salts as attractive high-temperature fluids, and describe an associated containment strategy for corrosion-resistant TES tanks and pipes.
3:25 PM
Evaluation of Electroceramic-based LC Resonator for Monitoring High Temperature Systems: Kavin Sivaneri Varadharajan Id1; Gunes Yakaboylu1; Peter Dreher Pozo1; Matthew Thomas1; Riley Vozar1; Katarzyna Sabolsky1; Edward Sabolsky1; Konstantinos Sierros1; Daryl Reynolds1; 1West Virginia University
The main object of this work focused on analyzing the stability and performance of various electroceramic oxides for the fabrication of LC-based RFID tags to wirelessly monitor the health of a high temperature system. The electroceramic materials were evaluated based on their operating temperature regime, electrical conductivity, thermal, and microstructural/chemical stability. The RFID tags were fabricated by depositing the electroceramic materials on polycrystalline alumina substrates by a novel microcasting technique. The parameters contributing to the wireless response such as the geometric form-factor, the distance between the sensor and the interrogator antenna, and environmental effects were evaluated in a realistic working environment of the sensor. The material characterization of the electroceramic materials and the sensors were performed by scanning electron microscopy, 4-point conductivity, impedance spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The wireless response of the LC resonator was characterized by a multimode user-defined software radio which acts as a signal transmitter and receiver.
3:45 PM
Revealing Temperature Dependence of Electronic Structures and Optical Properties of High-temperature Gas Sensing Perovskites via First-principles Simulation: Jongwoo Park1; Ting Jia1; Wissam Saidi2; Benjamin Chorpening1; Yuhua Duan1; 1National Energy Technology Laboratory; 2University of Pittsburgh, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science
Optical-based sensing platforms that typically employ metal oxides and perovskites as sensors are attractive for a variety of gas sensing applications due to their inherent advantages. Optical-based sensors, however, should retain the robust sensing performance in harsh environments such as high temperature in practical end applications. To this end, elucidating the temperature dependence of functional properties of sensors is important. Herein, the electronic structures and optical properties are calculated via first-principles simulations for pristine and oxygen-vacant ABO3-δ perovskites (A = La, Sr, B = Cr, Mn). These are a class of perovskites that may be suitable for a range of gas species. For relevance to the impact of temperature on functional properties, the temperature band gap renormalization is predicted via Allen-Heine-Cardona theory to calculate the contribution from electron-phonon coupling. Our results provide insights into temperature dependent functional properties of ABO3-δ perovskites as high-temperature gas sensing materials.