12th International Conference on Magnesium Alloys and their Applications (Mg 2021): Novel Applications / Processes / Materials
Program Organizers: Alan Luo, Ohio State University; Mihriban Pekguleryuz, McGill University; Sean Agnew, University of Virginia; John Allison, University of Michigan; Karl Kainer; Eric Nyberg, Kaiser Aluminum Trentwood; Warren Poole, University of British Columbia; Kumar Sadayappan, CanmetMATERIALS; Bruce Williams, Canmetmaterials Natural Resources Canada; Stephen Yue, Mcgill University
Tuesday 10:50 AM
June 15, 2021
Room: Contributed I
Location: Virtual
Session Chair: Mihriban Pekguleryuz, McGill University
Towards the Future of Alloy Design Using Artificial Intelligence: The KASSANDRA Method: Luis Villegas Armenta1; Konstantinos Korgiopoulos1; Christina Katsari1; Mihriban Pekguleryuz2; 1McGill University, Alpha Iota Alloys; 2McGill University
The design of novel lightweight magnesium alloys is an essential tool to face future challenges; from reducing vehicle greenhouse emissions to improve the performance of biodegradable implants, being able to quickly improve specific magnesium properties is of paramount importance to succeed. However, the traditional methodology that is used to develop novel magnesium alloys consists of several trial-and-error steps, which can take several years and large amounts of investment until an optimized composition is defined. Artificial intelligence plays a vital role in the Materials 4.0 revolution; it can significantly accelerate the development of novel materials at a lower cost. Hence, our research focuses on the development of novel Mg alloys assisted by machine learning. In this presentation, we introduce the development of a Mg-Sn-Zn-Ca alloy tailored for 3D printing. Using our proprietary machine learning method named KASSANDRA we were capable of identify all the existing design spaces for a given compositional range. Then, the proposed alloys are synthesized through permanent mold casting and tested using low-cost techniques. Our preliminary results demonstrate that it is possible to narrow down the most promising design spaces to focus our attention during the testing phase, hence reducing the need for multiple iterations to obtain a complex optimal composition.
Physical, Chemical, and Mechanical Evaluations of Binder-jet Additive Manufactured Mg-Zn-Zr Alloy for Biomedical Applications: Mojtaba Salehi1; Gerard Ong1; Hang Li Seet1; Sharon Nai1; 1Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology
Magnesium (Mg) is one of the most challenging materials for additive manufacturing (AM). Near room temperature binder jetting of Mg powder shows great promise as an AM solution to fabricate green parts. However, a material-property evaluation of sintered parts is still lacking. This work aimed to provide an insight into the properties of sintered binder-jet printed Mg parts. Binder jetting was used to fabricate green parts made of Mg-5.9Zn-0.17Zr powder followed by sintering in an argon atmosphere. Micro-computed tomography and mercury porosimetry results exhibit interconnected porous structures with density > 87% and median pore diameter of 12.7 µm. Chemical analysis indicates that the evaporation of alloying elements is trivial (i.e., < 6%) compared to those observed in the laser powder bed fusion of Mg alloys. Finally, mechanical testing demonstrates that the sintered Mg parts provide comparable tensile strength, elastic modulus, and compressive properties to those seen for human cortical bone.
Linear Friction Welding of Magnesium and its Alloys: Overcoming Challenges: Luis Villegas Armenta1; Priti Wanjara2; Isao Nakatsugawa3; Yasumasa Chino3; Javad Gholipour2; Mihriban Pekguleryuz4; 1McGill University, National Research Council Canada – Aerospace Research Center, Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Center; 2National Research Council Canada – Aerospace Research Center, Aerospace Manufacturing Technology Center; 3National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Multi-Material Research Institute, AIST Chubu; 4McGill University
Weight reduction in the aerospace industry offers solutions to effectively address challenges of climate change and aircraft fuel consumption. Low-density magnesium (ρ=1.7 g/cm3) can provide a distinct advantage in weight reduction over denser light metals such as aluminum (ρ=2.7 g/cm3) or titanium (ρ=4.5 g/cm3). Developing effective techniques for joining magnesium parts to magnesium and other metals is needed to enable the widespread use of Mg in applications ranging from commercial aircraft seats to nano-satellite frames. Notably, magnesium poses liquid-phase joining challenges due to its low boiling point and high reactivity that result in welding defects and poor strength. Friction stir welding, a solid-state welding technique, has been tested on different magnesium alloys but poses difficulties in joining bulky or complex shapes and is therefore limited to joining plate components. Linear friction welding (LFW), another solid-state joining technique, is suitable for joining complex geometries and is a promising alternative for effective similar- and dissimilar-metal joining of magnesium. Our research aims at understanding the effect of LFW process parameters and alloying elements on the mechanical properties, ignition behavior, microstructure, texture, and corrosion resistance of welded Mg-to-Mg and Mg-to-Al welded sections. This work is a part of an international collaboration between the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, the National Research Council Canada Aerospace Research Center and McGill University, Materials Engineering.
Role of Zn on the Yielding Behavior in Mg-Al-Ca Based Dilute Alloys: Zehao Li1; Taisuke Sasaki1; Si Gao2; Nobuhiro Tsuji2; Kazuhiro Hono1; 1NIMS; 2Kyoto University
The low-cost Mg-Al-Ca based alloys have attracted considerable attention due to the potential for fulfilling the good formability and high strength concurrently. In this work, we investigate a yield point phenomenon caused by the Zn addition in a fully annealed Mg-1.2Al-0.5Ca-0.4Mn sheet alloy. The Lüders band deformation following yielding is clearly presented with the aid of digital image correlation during tensile tests. Meanwhile, this phenomenon becomes more prominent as the strain rate decreases. It is clarified that the initial yield drop is due to the enhanced dislocation locking and suppression of cross-slip by the Zn addition as revealed from (S)TEM and 3D atom probe analysis. The subsequent Lüders-type deformation is promoted by the dislocation multiplication and twinning transfer.