Advances in Powder and Ceramic Materials Science: Poster Session
Sponsored by: TMS Extraction and Processing Division, TMS Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division, TMS: Materials Characterization Committee, TMS: Powder Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Bowen Li, Michigan Technological University; Dipankar Ghosh, Old Dominion University; Eugene Olevsky, San Diego State University; Kathy Lu, University of Alabama Birmingham; Faqin Dong, Southwest University of Science and Technology; Jinhong Li, China University of Geosciences; Ruigang Wang, Michigan State University; Alexander Dupuy, University of Connecticut
Tuesday 5:30 PM
March 21, 2023
Room: Exhibit Hall G
Location: SDCC
Session Chair: Kathy Lu, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
N-1: Effect of Milling Time and Powder Particle Size on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al- oxide-CNT Composites: Suhyun Bae1; Seoyoon Gong1; Donghyun Bae2; Se-Eun Shin1; 1Sunchon National University; 2Yonsei University
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are used as reinforcing materials for lightweight metal matrix composites (MMC) due to their excellent properties such as high elastic modulus and chemical stability. Therefore, in this study, an Al-oxide-MWCNT nanocomposite was fabricated by mechanical milling and hot-pressing, and the microstructure and mechanical properties were evaluated. MWCNTs to improve the mechanical properties of the Al alloy were added in 3 vol.% under all conditions, and the ball-milled powder was hot-pressed at 500 °C under 20 ton. The microstructure and chemical composition according to milling time and powder particle size were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and XRD, and the interface between Al oxide and MWCNT was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy.
N-2: Influence of Microstructure and Sodium Doping on Charge Transport in High Entropy Oxides: Yiheng Xiao1; Justin Cortez1; Alexander Dupuy1; Julie Schoenung1; 1University of California Irvine
High entropy oxides(HEOs)contain-five or more oxide components and form a single phase after processing. Doping HEOs with alkali metals, such as lithium and sodium, significantly-increases their electrical conductivity, indicating that -HEOs are promising for energy storage and battery applications. However, the mechanisms behind the reduction in charge transfer resistance, and the role of composition and microstructure, is not fully understood. Here we investigate the role of Na doping and microstructure on the electrical behavior of bulk sintered (Co,Cu,Mg,Ni,Zn)(1-x)Na(x)O. Activation energies obtained from impedance measurements at elevated temperatures were used to elucidate the primary mechanisms contributing to charge transport in the grain bulk and grain boundaries. Results demonstrate that highly doped samples exhibit easier transport at the grain boundaries.
Influence of Secondary Phase Segregation on Electrical Behavior in Entropy Stabilized Oxides: Alina Vizcaya1; Arturo Meza1; Alexander Dupuy1; Julie Schoenung1; 1University of California Irvine
Entropy stabilized oxides (ESOs) are materials consisting of five or more oxide components mixed in equimolar amounts. ESOs have attracted significant attention due to their expanded compositional space and promise in a variety of applications, including energy storage and electronic devices. However, the role of microstructure on the electrical behavior in ESO materials is not well understood. In this work, bulk equimolar (Co,Cu,Mg,Ni,Zn)O is produced via solid-state processing, followed by conventional sintering. The microstructure is controlled by heat treating the samples at 650°C for 2, 4, 12, 24, and 48 hours. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) revealed that ESO’s electrical properties vary as a function of heat treatment time due to changes in the microstructure. The interplay between microstructure and electrical behavior will be discussed in terms of electrical conductivity, dielectric constant, and activation energy for electronic transport.
N-3: Mechanical Behavior of Milli-Scale AM Metallic Lattice Structures as Reinforcement for Ceramic Matrix Composites: Catherine Barrie1; Dajie Zhang2; Steven Storck2; Gianna Valentino2; Don King2; Kevin Hemker1; 1Johns Hopkins University; 2Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab
Traditional ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) offer high temperature capabilities with increased toughness, but few take full advantage of the mechanical benefits that continuous multi-dimensional reinforcements can provide. Additive manufacturing (AM) now makes the production of metallic lattice structures more feasible than ever before and embedding AM metallic lattices in a ceramic matrix allows one to create quasi-isotropic CMCs with relative ease. AM Inconel 718 BCC lattices were printed and imbedded in alumina and magnesia matrices. The mechanical response of these composites is being characterized with milli-scale tension and bending experiments coupled with digital image correlation (DIC) over a range of temperatures. DIC maps show complex local strains in individual lattice components, thus reinforcing the importance of geometry on these structures and the impact they have on the composite. Identifying the role of interfaces and the salient underlying failure mechanisms is key to the understanding of these materials.
N-4: Role of Phase Heterogeneity on Mechanical Behavior in Entropy Stabilized Oxides: Luz Gomez1; Salma El-Azab1; Alexander Dupuy1; Julie Schoenung1; 1University of California, Irvine
Entropy stabilized oxides (ESOs) demonstrate a reversible phase transformation, allowing for tailorable phase heterogeneity. Few studies explore the mechanical properties of ESOs. This poster investigates how the phase state will influence the mechanical behavior of (Co,Cu,Mg,Ni,Zn)O transition metal ESOs (TM-ESOs). Fully-dense bulk TM-ESO samples were prepared by sintering a blend of oxide powders. These samples were heat treated at 700°C for 1 hr, 2 hrs, 4 hrs, and 12 hrs to promote the formation of secondary phases. X-ray diffraction reveals the presence of tenorite and spinel secondary phases after heat treatment, with the concentration of secondary phases increasing with increasing heat treatment time. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine the morphology of the secondary phases. Indentation experiments showed that the secondary phase concentration influenced the mechanical behavior of TM-ESOs, indicating that the phase transformation can be used to tailor microstructure and mechanical behavior.
N-5: TEM Investigation of the Strengthening Effects from Grain Boundary Segregation and Precipitation in W- and W-Mo-containing High-entropy Borides: Huolin Xin1; Chunyang Wang1; 1University of California - Irvine
High-entropy borides (HEBs) show drastic strength increases with the additions of WB2 and/or MoB2. By systematically studying the atomic-resolution transmission electron microscopy, electron diffraction, and chemical analysis the origin of this strengthening effect was revealed. W or W-Mo addition in HEBs leads to segregation of these elements at the grain boundaries (GBs) and form W- or W-Mo-rich precipitates along the GBs. Atomic-scale imaging shows that the W- and W-Mo precipitates have a cube-on-cube orientation with the matrix. Nanoindentation tests show simultaneous GB segregation and coherent precipitation provide additional hardening of the HEBs. This work gives a further in-depth understanding of GB segregation and precipitation in HEBs, and suggests that GB engineering could be optimized to improve the performance of high-entropy ceramics. This research was primarily supported by the National Science Foundation Materials Research Science and Engineering Center program through the UC Irvine Center for Complex and Active Materials (DMR-2011967).
N-6: Use of Ceramic Waste in Different Percentages as a Replacement of the Fine Aggregate In Mortars: Mariana Cherene1; Gustavo Xavier1; Afonso Azevedo1; Sergio Monteiro2; 1UENF - State University of the Northern Rio de Janeiro; 2IME - Military Institute of Engineering
With the growth of the population and, consequently, of civil construction, there was an increase in the consumption of natural resources, generating a large amount of solid waste and contributing to various environmental impacts. The application of solid waste in civil construction aims to reduce environmental pollution and the construction of sanitary landfills. Thus, this work presents the use of ceramic waste as a substitute for fine aggregate in proportions of 10%, 20% and 30% in mortars. To evaluate its use, tests of consistency index, density in the fresh state, tensile strength in flexion and axial compression, tensile bond strength and microstructural analysis were performed using the Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) test. Through the results, it is concluded that the best proportion used is 10% of ceramic waste, which indicated results superior to the reference mix, presenting smaller pores, resulting in high strengths. At 28 days, it obtained 2.91 MPa of tensile strength and 9.40 MPa of compressive strength.