Solid-state Optical Materials and Luminescence Properties: Processing and Study of Advanced Optical Materials I
Sponsored by: ACerS Basic Science Division
Program Organizers: Yiquan Wu, Alfred University; Jas Sanghera, Naval Research Laboratory; Akio Ikesue, World-Lab. Co., Ltd; Rong-Jun Xie, Xiamen University; Mathieu Allix, Laboratoire CEMHTI; Kiyoshi Shimamura, National Institute for Materials Science; Liangbi Su, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics; Dariusz Hreniak, Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research
Monday 8:00 AM
October 10, 2022
Room: 409
Location: David L. Lawrence Convention Center
Session Chair: Yiquan Wu, Alfred University
8:00 AM Invited
Ceramic Faraday Rotator for Laser Machining: Akio Ikesue1; 1World-Lab. Co., Ltd
In recent years, the demand for isolators for fiber lasers has expanded, and high-performance Faraday elements have been demanded. Until now, the main material was a TGG (Tb3Ga5O12) single crystal manufactured by the CZ (Czochralski) method, but a large magnet is required due to the low Verdet constant. In addition, as basic characteristics, the insertion loss and extinction ratio are not sufficient, and there is a drawback that the thermal lens and thermal birefringence are large, so that it cannot be applied to a high-power laser. The author developed TYO [(TbxY1-x)2O3] ceramics with the world’s largest Verdet constant for the above problem and confirmed the Verdet constant four times that of TGG. We also confirmed that our developed TAG (Tb3Al5O12) ceramics has the extremely low loss, high extinction ratio, and low thermal lens characteristics and achieved innovative results in the high-power range.
8:20 AM Invited
Beta-SiC for High Strength Windows: Joshua Gild1; Kim Woohong2; Shyam Bayya2; Guillermo Villalobos2; Adam Floyd3; Bryan Sadowski3; Tony Zhou1; Jasbinder Sanghera2; 1University Research Foundation; 2US Naval Research Lab; 3Jacobs
Cubic β-SiC is an appealing material for rugged high temperature optical windows due to a low coefficient of thermal expansion, high thermal conductivity and thermal shock resistance, and transparency in the visible to IR range. To fabricate a high transparency window, phase and chemically pure powder precursors must be obtained. While the majority of commercial powder is alpha-SiC with significant impurities, an increasing amount of β-SiC powders are becoming commercially available. Multiple sources of commercial β-SiC are analyzed and further purified to minimize scattering and absorption in the sintered product. The powders are densified via spark plasma sintering (SPS) and the optical and physical properties of the sintered β-SiC are discussed.
8:40 AM Invited
Ceramic Processes for LHPG (Laser Heated Pedestal Growth): Hyunjun Kim1; Randall Hay2; Kent Averett2; Andrew Schlup1; John Drazin1; Benjamin Gray3; Randall Corns1; Robert Turner1; Cynthia Bowers1; 1AFRL/UES; 2AFRL; 3AFRL/Azimuth
LHPG method has been used to grow high optical quality single crystal fibers for laser and sensing applications. Pressed ceramic powder and single crystal rods have been used as feedstocks for LHPG. LHPG using powder compacts introduces bubbles in the fibers; while single crystal feedstocks are limited in their availability, size, and customization. We developed fabrication processes for polycrystalline feedstocks that do not generate bubbles and are more affordable than single crystal feedstocks. Processes for polycrystalline cladding on the LHPG fibers are under development. Co-extrusion is used to put green cladding on the LHPG fibers. After co-extrusion, two approaches are under investigation, 1) cladding by melting of the green cladding of low melting point garnets and 2) sintering of green cladding on the core fibers. Methods to minimize the drying and sintering shrinkage that causes cladding cracks are described. Current status of the ceramic processes for LHPG will be discussed.
9:00 AM Invited
Development of Novel Garnet-based Transparent Ceramics for the High Power White Lighting: Jianqiang Li1; Shaowei Feng1; Mathieu Allix2; Yongchang Guo1; Haiming Qin3; 1University of Science and Technology Beijing; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 2CNRS, CEMHTI UPR 3079, Univ. Orléans; 3Chinese Academy of Sciences
Garnet-based transparent ceramics is regarded as a promising color converter for the high-power white lighting owing to its remarkably physical and chemical properties. Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ (YAG:Ce3+) transparent ceramic as a class of highly efficient luminescent materials were proposed. Double substitution of [Mg2+]-(Si4+) for [Al3+]-(Al3+) was studied in YAG:Ce for Y3MgAl3SiO12 (YMASG) transparent ceramics, which leads to increasing the lattice constant and redshift of emission band. Thermal stability can be significantly improved by the incorporation of Lu3+ in YMASG transparent ceramic. Lu3MgxAl5-2xSixO12:Ce (LuMASG:Ce) transparent ceramics were successfully prepared for the first time via solid-state reaction sintering. All of the prepared ceramics show high transmittance, and the photoluminescence (PL) peak shifts from 535 nm to 578 nm with x increasing from 0.25 to 2. ReMASG transparent ceramics can offer scientists a new matrix to explore its applications.
9:20 AM Invited
Investigation of Micro/Nano Mechanical Behavior of AlON Transparent Ceramics
: Chenyun Zhang1; Ying Shi1; Yurui Xing2; Hongti Zhang2; 1Shanghai University; 2shanghaitech University
The micro-/nano-mechanical behavior of AlON transparent ceramics was investigated systematically by the means of cantilever beam bending and micro/nano pillars compression respectively. It was found that the deformation characteristics of cantilever beams were studied by measuring the load and displacement dependence of cantilever beams in bending tests, and the Young's modulus of AlON transparent ceramics was calculated from the load and displacement curves. The compression tests on micropillars with three different orientations of <110>, <001> and <111> indicated that the yield strengths of micropillars with different crystal orientations are different. At the same time, it was observed that the slip occurred during the plastic deformation process of micropillars with the slip system of (111)<110>.
9:40 AM Invited
Crystallization from Glass: Application to Transparent (Glass-)Ceramics: Mathieu Allix1; 1Laboratoire CEMHTI
Crystallization from glass can be a powerful process to elaborate innovating transparent materials for further optical applications if nucleation and crystal growth processes can be precisely controlled. This talk will focus on two main applications: transparent polycrystalline ceramics elaborated by full and congruent crystallization from glass and nanostructured glass-ceramics designed from nanoscale phase separated glasses.
10:00 AM Break
10:20 AM Invited
Electroluminescence During Flash Experiments Interpreted as a Solid State Plasma: Syed Jalali1; Rishi Raj1; 1University of Colorado
Electroluminescence is a steady characteristic of flash-sintering experiments with nearly all oxides. It also seen in flash experiments with dense polycrystals and single crystal. Remarkably the spectrum is nearly similar (in terms of the major peak) regardless of oxide chemistry. These data are interpreted as emission from a solid state plasma. Additional evidence for the state of flash being such a plasma will be presented.
10:40 AM Invited
Non-equilibrium Synthesis of New Oxide Materials with Modified Optical Properties: Michael Pitcher1; 1CNRS UPR3079
Metal oxide ceramics have a wide range of useful functions, and many support everyday technologies. For any given function, the investigation of new compositions and structural forms has the potential to reveal improved properties. Despite the many possibilities offered by the periodic table, finding such “new” functional ceramics is surprisingly (and fundamentally) difficult! Progress relies increasingly on innovative synthetic techniques and efficient ways of targeting stable compositions. In this talk, I will discuss the use of aerodynamic levitation, laser melting and glass-crystallisation for the non-equilibrium synthesis of new inorganic oxides with unusual compositions, the effect of crystal structure and composition on their luminescence properties, and the interface with new computational prediction methods for efficient guided synthesis of new materials.
11:00 AM
Structural and Optical Properties of the Spin-coated YAG and Nd:YAG Epitaxial Films: Iva Milisavljevic1; Yiquan Wu1; 1Alfred University
Epitaxial films of materials are considered an important alternative to their single-crystal counterparts due to their cost-effective fabrication necessary for various optical, magneto-optic, and optoelectronic devices. However, the sol-gel spin-coating film deposition method has been a less considered approach for the growth of epitaxial garnet films. In this study, undoped and Nd3+-doped Y3Al5O12 (YAG and Nd:YAG) films were deposited via the spin-coating method on the YAG single-crystal substrates. The crystal structure and morphology of the epitaxial films were investigated using the high-resolution XRD and atomic force microscopy, whereas the optical properties were deduced from the results of the UV-Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy measurements. This comprehensive study on the structural and optical properties of the prepared films enabled the discussion on the structural relationship between the substrates and YAG and Nd:YAG films deposited via the spin-coating, films’ defect structure, and related optical properties.