Advances in Magnetic Materials: Emerging Topics in Application and Characterization of Magnetic Materials
Sponsored by: TMS Functional Materials Division, TMS: Magnetic Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Jose Maria Porro, BCMaterials; Huseyin Ucar, California Polytechnic University,Pomona; Patrick Shamberger, Texas A&M University; Min Zou, Lab Magnetics, A Quadrant Company; Gaoyuan Ouyang, Ames Laboratory; Alex Leary, NASA Glenn Research Center
Wednesday 8:30 AM
March 22, 2023
Room: 33A
Location: SDCC
Session Chair: Min Zou, Lab Magnetics, A Quadrant Company
8:30 AM Invited
Using Soft X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy to Study Magnetic Helical Dynamics: Sophie Morley1; Arnab Singh1; Emily Hollingworth2; Ryan Tumbleson1; Peter Fischer1; Frances Hellman2; Stephen Kevan1; Sujoy Roy1; 1Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; 2University of California Berkeley
Anti-symmetric exchange, or the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), is responsible for non-collinear spin textures such as canting, helices and skyrmions. Using resonant soft x-ray scattering, we characterize the dynamics around the thermodynamic transition from a helical to paramagnetic phase in a magnetic thin film. We employ x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) to record the time-dependent speckle patterns and extract the characteristic relaxation time as a function of temperature, over three orders of magnitude. Synchrotron soft x-rays are also element-specific when tuned to a resonant edge allowing the exploration of the contribution of different atomic species to the dynamic behavior, not possible with many other microscopy or bulk measurement techniques. We show how the recorded speckle patterns give simultaneous length and time-scale measurements of the magnetic dynamic behavior. We also performed micromagnetic simulation to model the complex twisted 3D spin structure and reproduce the experimental behavior.
9:00 AM
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide-based Bulk Nanocomposites: Diletta Giuntini1; 1Eindhoven University of Technology
High-magnetization, low-coercivity materials made out of earth-abundant constituents are a long-held goal of materials engineers. A new category of nanocomposites shows promise in this direction. Supercrystalline nanocomposites consist of inorganic nanoparticles functionalized with organic ligands and architected into long-range order structures, similar to atomic crystals. Using magnetite nanoparticles, below 20 nm in size and functionalized with simple oligomers, bulk poly-supercrystals with tunable magnetic and mechanical behavior can be produced, also in complex shapes. The intrinsic combination of nano-sized building blocks and their periodic arrangement leads to superparamagnetism, with a saturation magnetization above 90 emu/g and negligible coercivity, and additionally mechanical robustness. Future directions into further tuning this set of properties and defining strategies for upscaling and development of hierarchical nanocomposites are outlined.
9:15 AM
Crystallization Characteristics in Co-based Magnetic Amorphous Nanocomposites: Alicia Koenig1; Ronald Noebe2; Alex Leary2; Claudia Mewes1; Tim Mewes1; Gregory Thompson1; 1University of Alabama; 2NASA
The partial crystallization of amorphous Co(78-x)Fe2MnxB14Si2Nb¬4 (x = 0.5 and 6.0%) alloys have promise for use in high-power electronic systems. The chemical partitioning behavior of the various species is critical to the overall magnetic response. Using TEM and atom probe, this partitioning is quantified through a series of annealing treatments at 400 deg. C from 10 minutes up to 6 hours. Annealing up to 2 hours reveal the continuous precipitation of Co-rich nanocrystallites (≈ 3 – 5 nm), with little change in crystal structure, morphology, and chemical partitioning behavior as a function of either anneal time or alloy content. Short range ordering reveals a modification of the second nearest neighbor bonding in these crystallites that is explained by the metastable incorporation of Fe in these precipitates. For the Mn 0.5% and Mn 6.0% alloy at 3 hours and 6 hours, respectively, secondary precipitation of Mn3(Co10B3)2 was found.
9:30 AM Invited
R’yR’’1-yScX: Magnetically Compensated Materials for Spin-based Applications: Tyler Del Rose1; Yaroslav Mudryk1; Daniel Haskel2; Arjun Pathak3; Kyle Dixon-Anderson4; Vitalij Pecharsky4; 1Ames National Laboratory/Iowa State University; 2Advances Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory of US DOE; 3SUNY Buffalo State; 4Iowa State University
Compensated ferrimagnetic materials are prime candidates for advanced technological applications, for example, spintronics. Magnetic compensation was obtained by mixing heavy and light lanthanides in the series of R’yR’’1-yScX compounds, where R’ – heavy lanthanide, R’’ – light lanthanide, and X – Si or Ge. Magnetically compensated states are achieved at certain values of y that depend on the choice of R’ and R” occupying the same atomic site resulting in fundamentally interesting and potentially useful phenomena, e.g. exchange bias and magnetic memory. Polycrystalline Pr1-yGdyScGe compounds were synthesized and characterized by XRPD, XMCD, XANES, magnetic, transport, and heat capacity measurements.This work was performed at Ames National Laboratory and was supported by the Division of Materials Science and Engineering of the Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Ames National Laboratory is operated for the U.S DOE by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
10:00 AM Break
10:15 AM
Incisive Review on Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Use in the Treatment of Bacterial Infections
: Muniratu Maliki1; Stanley Omorogbe2; Ikhazuagbe Ifijen2; Oscar Aghedo3; Augustine Ighodaro4; 1Edo State University Uzairue; 2Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria; 3University of Benin; 4Quantum Pharmaceuticals
Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have showed great promise in a variety of biomedical application, including magnetic hyperthermia, improving MRI data, augmenting tissue engineering efforts, and boosting medication delivery to difficult-to-reach microniches. Their integration in diverse illnesses' treatment pathways demonstrates an exponential increase in trend toward the incorporation of innovative biotechnologies in medical and pharmaceutical systems. Clinicians can use superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPNs) to create a localized thermo-ablative impact that destroys bacterial biofilms. SPNs can also sensitize resistant bacterial cells to antibacterial chemicals by physically disrupting bacterial membranes. IONPS have also enhanced the transport of bactericidal chemicals to microniches, and could thus be used to treat disorders that require therapeutic intervention that must be able to pass through the blood–brain barrier. This Review carried out an incisive study on magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and their use in the treatment of bacterial infections. This study also focused on the mechanisms underlying the antibacterial action of magnetite iron oxide (IONPS) against microorganisms
10:30 AM Invited
The Impact of Packaging on Soft Magnetic Core Performance: Alex Leary1; Ron Noebe1; Vladimir Keylin2; Grant Feichter2; 1NASA Glenn Research Center; 2HX5
Soft magnetic cores are rarely used in application without packaging. The packaging mechanically integrates the core into the rest of the design and can support other external forces such as winding stress. Material data sheets typically offer core performance in an unstressed environment, that represents a best-case scenario for materials with non-zero magnetostriction. This work will show the impact of various packaging solutions on core properties as well as best practices, both material and packaging design. A particular emphasis will be placed on packaging solutions for aerospace applications.
11:00 AM
Mixed Magnetic Phases in AlxCoCrNiFe High Entropy Alloy: Cameron Jorgensen1; Louis Santodonato1; Namila Liyanage1; Lizabeth Quigley1; Peter Liaw1; Dustin Gilbert1; Lisa Debeer-Schmitt2; Raymond Unocic2; 1University of Tennessee; 2Oak Ridge National Laboratory
The distribution in atomic sizes and masses in high-entropy alloys results in extreme local environments, which manifests in the thermal and magnetic properties. In this work, high-entropy alloys of (Fe,Co,Cr,Ni)Alx, x ≤ 2, and their temperature-dependent magnetic and electronic properties are determined. Magnetometry results show all the samples are ferromagnetic, with a high-temperature phase, TC >200 K, and a second low-temperature phase with TC≈20 K. However, the high-temperature phase is not associated with an open hysteresis loop, suggesting superparamagnetic behavior. The closed hysteresis loop suggests the ferromagnetism appears as small clusters, a theory explored with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). SANS confirms soft ferromagnetic properties with alignment occurring with as little as 0.25 T in some samples as well as smaller features that likely are associated with chromium frustrations localized in a matrix of Al, Ni, and Fe. At T<10 K there is a downturn in magnetization due to antiferromagnetic phases.
11:15 AM
High Throughput Evaluation of Magnetic Alloys for Energy Applications: Li Ping Tan1; Shakti Padhy1; Vijaykumar Varma1; Zviad Tsakadze1; Varun Chaudhary1; Raju Ramanujan1; 1Nanyang Technological University
The emerging use of artificial intelligence makes accelerated methodologies a linchpin for modern materials development. A device was developed in-lab and high throughput (HT) chemical flow synthesis was carried out. Fe-Co-Ni alloy libraries were rapidly prepared by tuning the flow rates of the precursors. These synthesized alloy powders were compacted into compositionally graded cylindrical samples via spark plasma sintering and characterized using HT methodologies. Multiple properties were measured. Specific novel attractive compositions were identified: Fe36.5Co55Ni8.5 exhibited a high Ms of 191 emu/g and Hc of 23.9 Oe while Fe26.9Co22.3Ni50.8 had a Ms of 131 emu/g and relatively low Hc of 14.5 Oe. The electrical resistivity of both samples was ~20 µΩ.cm. These results could be utilized in machine learning approaches to discover novel material compositions for energy applications.This work is supported by the AME Programmatic Fund by the Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore under Grant No. A1898b0043.