Synthesis, Characterization, Modeling and Applications of Functional Porous Materials: Functional Porous Materials
Sponsored by: ACerS Electronics Division, ACerS Engineering Ceramics Division
Program Organizers: Lan Li, Boise State University; Winnie Wong-Ng, National Institute of Standards and Technology; Kevin Huang, University of South Carolina
Wednesday 2:00 PM
October 20, 2021
Room: A212
Location: Greater Columbus Convention Center
Session Chair: Kevin Huang, University of South Carolina; Winnie Wong-Ng, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
2:00 PM Invited
Selected Pillared Cyanonickelate Based Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) for CO2 Capture Applications: Winnie Wong-Ng1; Jeffrey Culp2; Yu-Sheng Chen3; Daniel Siderius1; Eric Cockayne1; Lan Li4; 1National Institute of Standards and Technology; 2NETL; 3University of Chicago; 4Boise State University
In recent years, a number of Hofmann-related compounds known as flexible pillared layer porous coordination polymer (or flexible metal organic framework (MOFs)) have been synthesized which show reversible structural transitions between low porosity and high porosity phases during the adsorption and desorption of guests. Materials based on the pillared cyano-bridged architecture, [Ni’(L)Ni(CN)4]n (L = pillar organic ligands), or known as PICNICs, have been shown to be especially diverse. For example, their structures can be rigid or dynamic depending on the choice of pillar organic ligands. This talk gives a brief summary of structures (including electronic structures when available) and sorption properties of selected PICNICs that we have studied in our laboratories. In addition, instead of forming 3-D architects, 2-D layer and 1-D chain lattices were also established.
2:30 PM Invited
Functional Applications of Porosity in Complex Crystals: Lawrence Cook1; Greg Brewer1; Winnie Wong-Ng2; Daniel Siderius2; 1Catholic University of America; 2National Institute of Standards and Technology
Complex crystals in this talk refer to special structures traditionally categorized as cocrystals, hybrid crystals or composite crystals. While these materials are limited in number, porosity in them gives a unique opportunity for interaction of a guest infiltrate with an assembly of host properties not otherwise accessible on such an intimate scale. The host consists of two or more crystallographic components within the same crystal, each with its own unit cell. Typically, distortions result from the crystallographic interaction of the unit cells, but the basic individual structures still persist. However, crystal packing effects may lead to significant porosity. Here we review the recently published work in this area, and explore functional applications including catalysis, adsorption, synthesis, and optical, electronic, and nano-mechanical effects.
3:00 PM Invited
Porous Organic Polymer-based Nanotraps for Water Purification: Shengqian Ma1; 1University of North Texas
Porous organic polymers (POPs) both amorphous and crystalline represent an emerging class of nanoporous materials, and they feature robust covalent framework structures with high water and chemical stability. This, together with their high surface areas and tunable pore sizes, makes them hold promise for a variety of applications. We will demonstrate how POPs can be task-specific designed and functionalized as nanotraps via either de novo synthesis or stepwise post-synthetic modification for applications in water purification including heavy metal removal and nuclear waste treatment.
3:30 PM Break
3:50 PM Invited
Recent Advances in High Temperature Multiphase Solid/Molten Carbonate Membranes for CO2 Capture and Conversion: Kevin Huang1; 1University of South Carolina
The concept of direct CO2 capture and conversion has attracted significant interest from industries and academia in recent decades due to its potential to address the current grand challenge of global warming/climate change, rapid depletion of fossil fuels and realization of a future carbon neutral ecosystem. The incumbent benchmark technology for CO2 capture is the post-combustion flue-gas “amine washing”, which is energy intensive and costly for large-scale commercial implementation. The CO2 conversion technologies, on the other hand, are still at their infancy with many technical challenges to overcome, but primarily being explored in laboratory-scale, low-temperature, solution-based and high-temperature, solid-oxide-based electrochemical cells with renewable electricity perceived as the energy input. In this presentation, we provide a high-level overview on recent progress in high-temperature electrochemical CO2 transport membranes that can capture and convert CO2 into valuable chemicals in single catalytic reactor fashion, including chemistry and transport theory, functional materials, reactors, and challenges.
4:20 PM
Integrated Multi-characterization Approach to Understand Pore Size Distributions in Natural Porous Materials: V. V. Rohit Bukka1; Pankaj Sarin1; 1Oklahoma State University
Characterizing pore-size distribution (PSD) in porous materials is challenging due to the wide range of pores and their interconnectivity. Often no single experimental method is suitable, and PSD can only be determined by combining multiple techniques. In this study mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and gas adsorption (GA) were used to measure PSD in natural shales and zeolites. Fundamental differences in the working principles of each method can lead to overestimating porosity in certain ranges and compromise seamless integration of measured PSDs. In order to overcome this limitation, multimodal porosity was evaluated as a function of particle size by both methods. Bulk samples were ground and separated into different size ranges for MIP and GA measurements. In this presentation results for particle size influence on PSD, permeability and porosity will be discussed while aiming to establish a relationship between corrected distributions from GA and MIP.
4:40 PM
Microporous Copper Spheres: Processing, Morphology, and Application: Braden Jones1; Beck Boan1; Mark Atwater1; 1Liberty University
Porous metals have many applications including lightweight structural components and functional enhancement. Here we combine first-time results in producing, characterizing, and applying foamable millimeter-scale Cu spheres. When a Cu-CuO mixture is ball milled under the appropriate conditions, the resulting product is comprised of copper spheres with selectable size. Annealing in the presence of argon and/or hydrogen at temperatures greater than 600 °C results in porosity within the spheres, and when spheres are compacted together, a hierarchical pore structure results. The strength of these sintered structures can be enhanced by transient liquid-phase sintering. This is accomplished by using the Cu spheres as the milling media to ball mill a lower melting temperature metal, such as aluminum. This results in aluminum coated Cu spheres that can be processed identically to pure Cu through annealing and sintering, but which exhibits higher strength. The strategies, findings, and implications for commercial development will be discussed.