Advanced Biomaterials for Biomedical Implants: Advanced Biomaterials for Implants I
Sponsored by: TMS Functional Materials Division, TMS: Biomaterials Committee
Program Organizers: Tolou Shokuhfar, University of Illinois at Chicago; Jing Du, Pennsylvania State University
Wednesday 8:30 AM
March 22, 2023
Room: Sapphire 400B
Location: Hilton
Session Chair: Tolou Shokuhfar, University of Illinois Chicago; Du Jing, Pennsylvania State University; Fariborz Tavangarian, Pennsylvania State University Harrisburg
8:30 AM Invited
A Combined Experimental and Computational Study of Dental Implant: Jing Du1; 1Pennsylvania State University
In the immediate dental implant treatment, buccal bone resorption is a commonly seen complication, for which biomechanics can be one contributing factor. This work presents the results of a combined experimental and computational study of the biomechanics of dental implants. Human cadaveric mandibles specimens were obtained. Teeth were placed with dental implants. Mechanical testing coupled with micro-CT was performed. Bone morphology was analyzed. 3D full-field peri-implant strain was calculated by digital volume. The images were converted to voxel-based 3D finite element (FE) models to compute peri-implant strain. The experimentally measured strain and FE computed strain were in good agreement. The validated FE model was used to predict the peri-implant strain with different implant locations. This study shows that the mechanical stimuli in the buccal bone were altered by implant location and bone-implant contact. It may lead to different remodeling processes and result in different bone morphology.
9:05 AM
Development of Advanced Bioabsorbable Zn-based Materials Using Powder-metallurgy Techniques: Matjaz Godec1; Irena Paulin1; Crtomir Donik1; Aleksandra Kocijan1; Dalibor Vojtěch2; Jiří Kubásek2; 1Institute of Metals and Technology; 2University of Chemistry and Technology Prague
In the past decade, intensive investigations have taken place to develop temporary Zn-based implants. These materials possess an excellent combination of mechanical, corrosion and biological properties. Using conventional methods, including casting, extrusion, rolling or drawing, the final properties show only little improvement. The aim of this research is to develop new, bioabsorbable Zn-based alloys containing highly biocompatible Mg and antibacterial Ag, as well as Sr, using powder-metallurgy techniques, like mechanical alloying, spark-plasma sintering and powder-bed fusion. The additive manufacturing of Zn-based alloys needs careful fine-tuning of the process parameters due to the presence of volatile Zn. Detailed observations of the microstructures will be correlated with a variety of material properties, such as creep, fatigue and wear, which bring new knowledge about these relationships and enable the development of advanced bioabsorbable zinc alloys with tailored mechanical, corrosion and biological properties.
9:25 AM
Hemocompatibility and Biocompatibility Evaluation of an Mg-Ca-Sr Alloy for Vascular Stent Applications: Sonia Ezenwajiaku1; Vidhya Ramaswamy2; Hunter Henderson3; Josephine Allen1; Michele Manuel1; 1University of Florida; 2Boston Scientific; 3Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Motivated by magnesium’s biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and natural degradation, a range of medical applications have been investigated. In this study, we focus on using a Magnesium-Calcium-Strontium (Mg-Ca-Sr) alloy for vascular device applications. Limited research has been conducted on the biocompatibility and hemocompatibility of this alloy system with vascular cells, whole blood, and blood components. The present study evaluates the alloy's thromboresistance with blood components and interactions with vascular endothelial cells. We show that the alloy resists platelet adhesion, activation, hemolysis, and clotting processes. We also show endothelial cells exposed to alloy extract are highly proliferative, non-inflammatory, and migratory. Collectively, the data support Mg-Ca-Sr alloys in vascular applications, i.e., vascular stents, where contact with the endothelium and circulating blood is expected in addition to anti-thrombogenic function.This work was partially performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
9:45 AM
Polymeric Biodegradable Biomaterials for Tissue Bioengineering and Bone Rejuvenation: Eribe Jonathan1; Andrew Ohifuemen2; Jacob Jacob3; Aaron Y. Isaac4; Ikhazuagbe Ifijen2; 1Benson Idahosa University; 2Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria; 3University of Benin; 4University of Ilorin
The necessity for multiple surgeries is decreased by tissue engineering techniques, which also lessen donor site morbidity in graft procedures. Biodegradable scaffolds are created to contain cells; as new tissue develops; it gradually replaces the biodegradable scaffold to restore full bodily function. Due to their resemblance to extracellular matrices, high biocompatibility and biodegradability, natural and synthetic polymeric materials have been used extensively in bone tissue engineering. To adapt polymeric materials to the unique needs of bone regeneration, a range of approaches have been used to modify their characteristics. This review focused on current research on collagen and synthetic polymer-based scaffolds for tissue bioengineering and bone regeneration, such as polycaprolactone, poly(glycolic acid), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), and poly(lactic-acid-glycolic acid) (PCL). If we can better manage the interface between the material and the surrounding bone tissue, the next generation of biodegradable materials may benefit from our understanding of how cells interact with materials.
10:05 AM Break
10:25 AM Invited
Plasma Reduction Process for Nanostructured Biomaterials and 3D-Scaffold Surfaces: Vinoy Thomas1; 1University of Alabama at Birmingham
One of the biggest challenges to develop nanoparticle modified biomedical implant material is to stably attach these metallic nanoparticles on different surfaces especially polymer surfaces.We have addressed this important issue by developing a new plasma-enabled process viz. Plasma Electroless Reduction (PER) to form/deposit gold and silver nanostructures on different polymer material surfaces (2D and 3D) such as polypropylene based facemasks and 3D printed scaffolds. It is well known that there are toxicity issues offered by the rapid release of the metallic nanoparticles from the implants into the blood stream. This issue could be only addressed by ensuring the stable anchoring of the metallic nanostructures on implant surface. In the current PER process, we were able to stably anchor gold and silver nanoparticles on the surface of 3D printed Polymers without any rapid release into the surroundings. In vitro anti-bacterial and cells studies will also be presented.
11:00 AM
Real-time Raman Spectroscopy of Binder Setting in Bioactive Glass Composite Bone Tissue Scaffolds: Marzieh Matinfar1; John Nychka1; Kalan Kucera1; 1University of Alberta
Bioactive glasses (BAG) exhibit the unique ability of bone bonding. However, processing them into 3D porous bone scaffolds remains a challenge. Based on our proof-of-concept work, this study aims to develop a new processing route to create a formable composite scaffold composite by mixing 45S5 BAG powder and a sodium silicate binder solution, which self-sets in air. The self-setting reaction is sluggish, so three different methods were investigated to accelerate the binder setting time through acid catalysis: CO2 gas; boric acid; and phosphoric acid, which reduced setting times from 10 days to 2-20 minutes. The binder setting reaction mechanism, and the kinetics of conversion of silicate species during setting were monitored using in-situ, real-time time Raman spectroscopy. The setting time obtained by each acid catalyst was measured and a predictive model was developed. Finally, the effect of addition of BAG on the binder setting time was investigated.
11:20 AM
Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Antibacterial Ti-Nb-Cu/Ga Alloys for Load-bearing Implant Applications: Mariana Calin1; Ludovico Andrea Alberta1; Jithin Vishnu1; Avinash Hariharan1; Stefan Pilz1; Annett Gebert1; 1IFW Dresden
To address the problems of antimicrobial resistance, considerable research effort was focused on exploring alternative approaches to conventional Ti implants. Recent advancements in the design of antibacterial Ti biomaterials include incorporating non-conventional metal antibacterial agents such as copper (Cu) and gallium (Ga), altering surface properties such as charge, and hydrophobicity by chemical modification, or engineering of the surface topography. Considering that alloying with Ga and Cu on Ti-based alloys may lead to improved properties for bone-related implants, the purpose of this work is to evaluate the effects of these antibacterial elements on the structural characteristics, mechanical and electrochemical behaviour of novel Ti-Nb-Ga/Cu alloys. These alloys combine the low modulus of the beta-single phase microstructure with antibacterial function of Cu and Ga ions, while maintain the others excellent properties of the Ti-alloys, like the high corrosion resistance and biocompatibility.Financial support through the EC (H2020-MSCA BIOREMIA GA 861046) is gratefully acknowledged.
11:40 AM
Laser Induced Micro/Nano Structured Stainless Steel Surfaces for Biological and Food Storage Applications: Gopinath Perumal1; Mark Swayne1; Dermot Brabzon1; 1Dublin City University
The purpose of this work is to investigate the application of laser micro- and nano-machining techniques in the production of modified stainless steel surfaces with regulated wettability and oxide layer composition. We employed a simple one/two-step strategy to build micro, nano, hierarchical patterns, and laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPPS) on stainless steel. Designs of experiments (Box–Behnken approach), were used to optimise the laser parameters. Developed structures were later characterised for their bio-corrosion properties using electrochemical analysis such as potentio-dynamic polarization, electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and Mott-Schottky (M-S) experiments. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to evaluate the surface composition of the passive layer. Wettability, and surface roughness studies were done to correlate the enhanced anti-bacterial efficacy of laser ablated surfaces. Thus, the higher fidelity approach presented in this work provides a new avenue for the facile design and development of superior surface modification techniques for food storage and bio-applications.