Metal-Matrix Composites: Advances in Analysis, Measurement and Observations: Novel Composites and Coatings
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division, TMS: Composite Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Srivatsan Tirumalai; William Harrigan, Gamma Alloys; Simona Hunyadi Murph, Savannah River National Laboratory
Tuesday 8:30 AM
March 16, 2021
Room: RM 32
Location: TMS2021 Virtual
Session Chair: William Harrigan, GAMMA Technology
8:30 AM Invited
Use of an Infrared Spectroscopic Method for Isotopic Analysis of Gaseous Uranium Hexafluoride: Kimberly Fessler1; Patrick O'Rourke1; Nicholas DeRoller1; Darrell Simmons2; Steven Serkiz3; 1Savannah River National Laboratory; 2Oak Ridge National Laboratory; 3Clemson University
Nuclear forensics is used to determine the source or detect the trafficking and enrichment of nuclear materials. Uranium isotopic enrichment can be indicative of weapons development or fuel production for research and power grade nuclear reactors. Measuring the isotopic content of a uranium sample can determine the intended use or source type. SRNL researchers have developed an infrared spectroscopic technique to measure the isotopic ratio of gaseous UF6 using a quantum cascade laser (QCL) to determine the enrichment value of the material. The recent advancement and commercialization of QCLs with ultra-fine spectral resolution provides lasers that can potentially resolve the 0.65 cm-1 235UF6/238UF6 isotopic shift. The presentation will provide an overview of the instrument and method development of a field-deployable instrument for near real-time measurements, as well as a discussion of how the measurement method could be used to monitor the presence or isotopic content of other gaseous metal compounds.
9:00 AM
Recent Advances in Analysis, Measurement and Properties of Composite Metal Foams: Afsaneh Rabiei1; Brian Lattimer2; Elias Bearinger2; 1North Carolina State University; 2Virginia Tec
Composite metal foam (CMF) is a novel light weight metal matrix composite material with light-weight, high strength to density ratio and high energy absorption capabilities. The material can be made out of many different metals, alloys, and combinations, e.g., aluminum, steel, titanium, etc. For example, it can be made 100% out of steel, but, due to its porosities, it will weigh as light as aluminum. CMF is made of closely packed metallic hollow spheres with a metallic matrix that fills the empty spaces in between spheres. In every combination of the spheres and matrix materials, the final product weight will be ~30-35% of the weight of the parent material; the rest would be the air trapped inside its porosities. In this study a scaled down version of the torch fire experiments specified in 49 CFR Part 179, Appendix B was developed to provide initial data on evaluating the thermal protection performance of stainless steel composite metal foam (S-S CMF) in the torch fire conditions. S-S CMF panels of 30 x 30 cm dimensions are manufactured and tested to evaluate their survivability when exposed to a 30-minute torch fire condition of high velocity jet fire with a gas temperature of 1204oC in accordance with 49 CFR Part 179. Testing was performed to characterize the jet burner gas temperature and velocity flow field, and a calibration fire test was conducted using steel only as required by the test specification. The assembly was tested in duplicate in two consecutive simulated torch-fire exposures as specified in 49 CFR Part 179, Appendix B. Based on the experimental results, a 15 mm thick steel-steel composite metal foam tested as novel insulation system met the acceptance criteria for the simulated torch fire testing and is expected to pass when tested at a full size of 122 x 122 cm dimensions. The main factor for fire resistance and thermal protection performance of S-S CMF is attributed to the large air content in the material.
9:20 AM Invited
Effect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of an Aluminum Alloy and Aluminum Alloy Composite: A Comparative Study: Shaik Mozammil1; Jimmy Karloopia1; Pradeep Jha1; Srivatsan Tirumalai2; 1Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee; 2University of Akron
The primary objective of this paper is to present and discuss the appropriateness of using the stir casting process as a viabke approach for the fabrication an in-situ aluminum alloy-based metal matrix composite (MMCs). The exothermic chemical reaction that occurs between the K2TiF6 and KBF4 salts is responsible for the formation and presence of the reinforcing titanium diboride (TiB2) particles in the melted aluminum-copper alloy. Presence of these particles exerts an influence on hardness, tensile strength and even ductility of the engineered composite material. With the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) both the chosen aluminum alloy and the synthesized aluminum alloy composite material were characterized to facilitate a better understanding of the intrinsic morphological details and/or intrinsic features to include the size, morphology and distribution of the TiB2 reinforcement in the aluminium alloy metal matrix. For purposes of enhancing the mechanical properties of the chosen Al-4.5 pct. Cu alloy and the Al-4.5 wt.pct Cu/xTiB2 composite a T6 heat treatment sequence was used and test results of the heat treated alloy compared with results obtained for the as-cast counterpart.
9:50 AM Invited
2D Interlayer Enabled Electrical Ductility for Flexible Electronics: Pilgyu Kang1; Chullhee Cho2; Amir Taqieddin2; Yuhang Jing2; Keong Yong2; Jin Myung Kim2; Md Farhadul Haque2; Narayana R. Aluru2; SungWoo Nam2; 1George Mason University; 2University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Flexible electrodes are important for next-generation flexible and wearable electronics. However, flexible inorganic electronics integrating stiff metal thin-films on soft substrates suffer interfacial failure substantially reducing lifespan of such devices. We present a 2D-interlayer approach that enhances strain-resilient electrical performance under a high degree of multimodal deformation. Atomically thin 2D-interlayers, such as graphene, induce continuous in-plane crack perturbation in metal films and enable a unique characteristic of ‘electrical ductility’ that allows electrical resistance to gradually increase under strain, whereas bare metal films exhibit unperturbed straight cracks and sudden increase of electrical resistance. 2D-interlayer electrodes sustain 4-5 orders-of-magnitude lower electrical resistance beyond failure strain of conventional metal electrodes. We also show the generality of our approach to use various combination of metals and 2D materials. Finally, we demonstrate enhanced strain resilient electrical functionality for flexible electroluminescent light emitting devices integrated with metal-2D interlayer interconnectors showing potential capability of early damage diagnosis.
10:20 AM
A Method for Measuring Total Protium and Total Deuterium in a Gas Mixture Containing Hydrogen, Deuterium and Hydrogen Deuterium Mixture Using Gas Chromatography: Henry Sessions, Jr.1; Simona Hunyadi Murph2; 1University of Georgia; 2Savannah River National Laboratory; University of Georgia
An analytical technique for measuring both total protium (H) and total deuterium (D) in a gas mixture containing H2, D2, and HD has been developed. This technique uses a micro gas chromatograph uGC with two molecular sieve columns. The carrier gas for one column is deuterium and the second column uses protium as the carrier gas. Laboratory tests have shown that when used in this configuration the micro GC can measure both total protium and total deuterium each with a detection and quantification limit of less than 20 ppm. This is a low-cost technology can be used to provide comparable results with the data generated from an expensive mass spectrometry with capabilities of high resolution at low mass.
10:40 AM
Iron Oxide - Gold Composite Nanoparticles and Nanogap Junctions for Sensing Applications Using Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering: Simona Hunyadi Murph1; Emily Searles2; 1Savannah River National Laboratory; University of Georgia; 2Savannah River National Laboratory
Multifunctional iron oxide-gold composite nanostructures with tailored “hot spot” nano-gap junctions have been produced via a multi-seed-mediated approach and investigated for analyte detection. The resulting nano-composite material retain the properties of both individual components: (a) magnetic properties attributed to the iron oxide nanoparticles, and (b) plasmonic nanostructures ascribed to the gold nanospheres. The tunable nanogap “hot spot” junctions were evaluated for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement studies for a model reporter analyte, 4-mercaptophenol. Surface enhanced Raman scattering studies shows a three times enhancement effect for composite gold-iron oxide nanoparticles when compared with gold nanostructures. These enhancements are attributed to the presence of the “hot spot” junctions and nanogaps obtained from both: (a) multi-seed mediated approach that generates larger decoration of iron oxide with plasmonic nanoparticles and (b) aggregated assemblies formed due to the key magnetic iron oxide nanostructures.