Society for Biomaterials: Biomaterial Applications: Biomaterials for Healing and Regeneration
Program Organizers: Jessica Jennings, University of Memphis; Guillermo Ameer, Northwestern University; Danielle Benoit, University of Rochester; Jordon Gilmore, Clemson University

Monday 2:00 PM
October 10, 2022
Room: 316
Location: David L. Lawrence Convention Center

Session Chair: Jessica Jennings, University of Memphis


2:00 PM  Invited
Bioactive Glass and Its Role in Healing: Steven Jung1; 1Mo-Sci Corporation
    Bioactive glasses in general have been studied for over 50 years, characterizing thousands of compositions from silicate, borate, and phosphate systems. Regardless of the bioactive glass system, the mechanisms of how these glasses interact with the body are similar. Important aspects of why these glasses are useful and what biological functions they mimic to enhance healing will be discussed. We now know and have clinical evidence that modifications in form factor and chemical formula should be considered for the intended application to optimize the clinical outcome. Finally, examples of bioactive glasses used in animal and clinical cases will be shared to illustrate invivo performance.

2:30 PM  
Magnesium-Based Nanocomposites for Bone Fracture Repair: Shelby Hash1; Mary Jia2; Wendy Reynoso-Diaz1; Mostafa Elsaadany2; Hamdy Ibrahim1; 1University of Tennessee Chattanooga; 2University of Arkansas
    Over the last few decades, biodegradable orthopedic implants have been explored for human applications to address the problems of the currently-in-use permanent implants. Biodegradable magnesium offers a promising alternative due to its superior biocompatibility and advantageous properties compared to other biodegradable materials. However, magnesium has insufficient strength and it corrodes very quickly in body fluid, leading to poor biomechanical performance. One of the approaches to address these limitations is to reinforce magnesium with nanoparticles, to create magnesium-based nanocomposites, in hopes of improving its mechanical and corrosion properties. In this work, magnesium nanocomposites reinforced with different types and contents of nanoparticles were studied. A combination of powder metallurgy, hybrid sintering, and hot extrusion manufacturing processes was used to produce the nanocomposite parts. A significant enhancement in the hardness was achieved and the in vitro corrosion and cytotoxicity tests showed high levels of biocompatibility in terms of low cytotoxicity and degradation rates.

2:50 PM  
Development of Natural Polymer-based Hydrogels for Corneal Tissue Engineering Applications: Prashant Kumta1; Sangeetha Kunjukunju1; John Ohodnicki1; Joe Candiello1; 1University of Pittsburgh
    Glaucoma, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration are debilitating corneal eye disease conditions affecting millions causing loss of corneal transparency, vision loss, or blindness. Corneal transplantation is currently limited due to shortage of donor corneas and lack of suitable biomaterials with structural and biochemical composition of native cornea. Recently, several attempts were made to reconstruct human corneas using tissue engineering. Hydrogels are popular in corneal tissue engineering due to their high-water content, softness, flexibility and biocompatibility. A tissue-engineered cornea should be biocompatible, transparent, and possess suitable mechanical properties. A carrageenan/gelatin blend hydrogel is presented here formed initially by inducing physical cross linking and then chemical cross linking for further stabilization. The developed hydrogel was optically transparent. Results of the characterization of the physicochemical properties of the hydrogel, corresponding swelling ratios in various conditions, stiffness measurements as well as in-vitro cytocompatibility studies will be presented and discussed.

3:10 PM  Cancelled
Next Generation Nanosurfaces for Drugfree Antibiofilm Applications: Tolou Shokuhfar1; 1University of Illinois at Chicago
     Antibacterial products containing conventional antibacterial treatments function by releasing the antibacterial agents slowly over time, which leads to eventual exhaustion of the antibacterial treatment and limits the lifespan of the product. In contrast, novel nanomaterials represent a fundamentally different approach, which may prevent bacterial adaption and do not require continuous reapplication. Novel 2D nanosurfaces were synthesized for drug free antibacterial treatments. Our results suggested the bactericidal mechanism occur due to direct penetration and deformation of the cell wall as opposed to biochemical mechanism of antibiotic drugs. Such fast and direct mechanism will not allow enough time for the bacteria to communicate and therefore may prevent the formation of biofilm and infection and will enabling a fast “touch and kill” antimicrobial effect by physical stabbing of the bacteria via nanopatterns. Interestingly is the generalizability of this method to a broad spectrum of bacterial strains.

3:30 PM Break

3:50 PM  
Plant Polymer for Climate and Health Management: Khwaja Hossain1; 1Mayville State University
    The main polysaccharide component, arabinoxylan (AX) was extracted from wheat bran and cattail. The functionalization of wheat bran AX with positive and negatively charge promoted the formation of nanoparticulate structures. The cationic AX was encapsulated with CRISPR-Cas9 DNA and observed the formation of polyplexes with DNA in the form of nanoparticles. Different species of gut bacteria were grown in media supplemented with AX. The enzymatic degradation along with hydrolysis produced arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (AXOS) and influenced the growth and development of bacteria. Different combinations of AX and others polymers were mixed to prepare polymeric scaffolds and breast cancer cells, HTB-22 and HTB-26, were cultured on the scaffolds. Also, the thermoplastic composite with as high as 30% wheat bran showed comparable mechanical properties with those of net polymers.

4:10 PM  
Biodegradable Magnesium Fixation Wires for Bone Healing: Karel Tesar1; Anezka Jancova1; Margit Žaloudková2; Radka Vrbova3; Martin Bartoš3; Štefan Juhás4; Jitka Lunackova3; Karel Balík2; 1Czech Technical University in Prague; 2Institute of Rock Structure and Mechanics of The Czech Academy of Sciences; 3Charles University; 4Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics of The Czech Academy of Sciences
    This work will present the Mg-Zn fixation strands in the current stage of development as well as will discuss the initial in-vivo tests on pig sternum and other techniques. This solution can drastically reduce secondary surgeries that are sometimes needed for stainless steel wires due to nickel hypersensitivity and other possible conditions. This technology would be especially beneficial for pediatric and neonatal patients, where the growth is another factor for the usage of resorbable bone fixation. Presented magnesium-based fixation wires and strands dissolve completely in the body environment. To further improve the wire surface and to provide a drug carrier platform, individual wires are coated with a layer of a biodegradable copolymer. These coated wires are subsequently made into strands or bands. This approach utilizes the beneficial microstructure as well as prevents catastrophic failure of the whole implant if a single wire is defective or externally damaged.

4:30 PM  
Electrospraying Chitosan on Co-electrospun PCL/PVA Composite with Mesoporous Silica Particles to Release Curcumin for Skin Tissue Engineering Application: Ali Sadeghianmaryan1; Saman Naghieh2; Joel D. Bumgardner1; 1The University of Memphis; 2University of Saskatchewan
    Creating scaffolds for skin injury remains challenging to heal different wounds and antibacterial properties to prevent infection. In this paper, we presented a composite co-electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/ Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) scaffolds with mesoporous silica particles (MSP), which were electrosprayed by chitosan for potential skin tissue engineering. For this purpose, co-electrospinning of enhanced PCLwith MSP and PVA, which loaded curcumin, in the following, fabricated scaffolds were electrosprayed with chitosan and then characterized by different techniques/assays in vitro. Scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy were used to study morphology and chemical structure of electrospun scaffolds. The scaffolds were tested by measuring the contact angle to verify the hydrophilicity. In addition, the drug delivery, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity were analyzed in vitro. The results showed that this structure is effective for drug delivery, with high antimicrobial properties and low toxicity against fibroblast cells. Adding PVA and chitosan increased the hydrophilicity of skin scaffolds.