Powder Materials for Energy Applications: Novel Materials and Processes
Sponsored by: TMS Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division, TMS: Powder Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Kathy Lu, University of Alabama Birmingham; Eugene Olevsky, San Diego State University; Somayeh Pasebani, Oregon State University; Hang Yu, Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University
Thursday 2:00 PM
February 27, 2020
Room: 17A
Location: San Diego Convention Ctr
Session Chair: Eugene Olevsky, San Diego State University; Hang Yu, Virginia Tech
2:00 PM Invited
Powder Metal Technology for High-performance Materials with Harmonic-structure: Dmytro Orlov1; Kei Ameyama2; 1Lund University; 2Ritsumeikan University
Powder metal technology provides excellent opportunities for bottom-up architechturing high-performance materials including those for energy applications. One example of such is Harmonic-Structured (HS) materials. They can be defined as Heterogeneous (or Gradient) materials with key features including bi-modal distribution of grain sizes forming a continuous 3D skeleton from ultrafine-grains (UFG) filled with coarse-grain (CG) islands. In this talk, the concept of HS materials will be introduced along with reliable routes for fabrication and advantages in structural performance. The latter include a unique behaviour in elastic-plastic transition as well as in strain localisation. The utilisation of HS material design concept will be demonstrated at least for SUS316L steel, which is a material of choice for many applications in energy sector. Compared to a CG counterpart, harmonic-structured SUS316L steel demonstrates 1.5-times increase in strength along with 1.1x increase in ductility giving 1.5x increase in toughness.
2:30 PM
Peltier Effect during Spark Plasma Sintering of Boron Carbide: Joseph Sambasene Diatta1; Andrey Maximenko2; Ifeanyichukwu Donald Olumor3; Geuntak Lee3; Eugene A. Olevsky3; 1Assane Seck University, SENEGAL; 2National Academy of Sciences; 3San Diego State University
Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of thermoelectric materials showed that a significant temperature gradient can be formed between the top and bottom surfaces of the processed specimen. Resulting microstructural heterogeneity modifies the final mechanical properties of the sintered material. It is known that contacts between boron carbide specimen and graphite tooling demonstrate strong Peltier effect. This study evaluates numerically temperature and density heterogeneities in SPS of boron carbide specimen due to Peltier and Seebeck thermoelectric effects. An electro-thermo-mechanical model of SPS process which takes into account the thermoelectric effects has been developed via COMSOL Multiphysics, a commercial finite element software. A grain growth law is integrated in the numerical model. Experimental values of the microstructure obtained by high resolution SEM (UHR-SEM) are close to those obtained numerically.
2:50 PM
Next Stage Development of Iron-based GARS Alloy Powders for Cold Spray Deposition of ODS Structural Materials for Extreme Environments: Rebecca Whitesell1; Timothy Prost2; Emma White2; Stuart Maloy3; Osman El Atwani3; Glenn Grant4; Iver Anderson2; 1Iowa State University; 2Ames Laboratory; 3Los Alamos National Laboratory; 4Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic alloys are attractive materials for high dose applications in nuclear power plants due to resistance to void swelling and embrittlement. Gas Atomization Reaction Synthesis (GARS) powder processing may reduce current high-cost, lengthy mechanical alloying methods for particulate-processed ferritic ODS alloys. Pairing GARS pre-alloyed (including Y) precursor powders with high energy cold spray (CS) deposition could permit final shape forming of ODS steels, particularly for potential increased dislocation densities and oxide nucleation sites that can increase strength. Next stage development of GARS ODS alloy design produced a batch of powder that includes both Al and Zr due to capability for alumina scale formation, along with nano-oxide dispersoids that are stable up to 1,000°C and desirable neutron cross section for high dose structural applications, respectively. Characterization of the as-atomized powder and initial CS results will be compared to literature reports of the desired alloying element concentrations.
3:10 PM
Miscibility Gap Alloy Thermal Storage Materials: Mark Copus1; 1The University of Newcastle, Australia
Miscibility Gap Alloys (MGA) are a new latent heat Thermal Energy Storage (TES) material. As the name suggests, MGA take advantage of a miscibility gap between two elements or compounds, often metals or semi-metals, which are manufactured using various powder metallurgy techniques. MGA encapsulate a distributed fusible metallic phase while remaining a high thermal conductivity, macroscopically solid block, with high energy density. The result is a safe and effective method of thermal energy storage and delivery. The combination of these characteristics results in these materials being ideal for thermal storage.This paper presents the concept and manufacture method used to create MGA, and outlines an application as a solar receiver in a concentrated solar power dish.
3:30 PM Cancelled
Preparation of Zinc Carbonate Hydroxide Microparticles via Deamination Precipitation by Heating: Yan Zeng1; Yongbin Yang1; Wei Gao1; Qianqian Duan1; Jiaming Qin1; 1Central South University
Preparation of zinc carbonate hydroxide precursor of zinc oxide powder using heating deamination precipitation was investigated. The morphology and particle size of zinc carbonate hydroxide precursor are directly related to morphology and particle size of ZnO. Therefore, it is very important to enhance capability and quality of the process for controlling the product particle size by setting the optimal reaction parameters. In this research, the influence of reaction conditions on the formation of precursor were studied, such as temperature, zinc ion and total ammonia concentrations, stirring speed, and additive dosage. The relationship between reaction conditions and morphology and particle size of precursor was confirmed by analyzing morphology and particle size of precursor at different conditions. The ZnO was obtained by decomposition of precursor prepared, based on its TGA-DTA analysis. The techniques of XRD, SEM, and LSPSA were used for the characterization of the prepared materials.