Recent Advances in Functional Materials and 2D/3D Processing for Sensors, Energy Storage, and Electronic Applications: Functional Materials and 2D/3D Devices
Sponsored by: TMS Functional Materials Division, TMS: Thin Films and Interfaces Committee
Program Organizers: Pooran Joshi, Elbit Systems of America; Rahul Panat, Carnegie Mellon University; Ravindra Nuggehalli, New Jersey Institute of Technology; Tolga Aytug, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Yong Lin Kong, University of Utah; Konstantinos Sierros, West Virginia University

Thursday 8:30 AM
March 18, 2021
Room: RM 22
Location: TMS2021 Virtual

Session Chair: Rahul Panat, Carnegie Mellon University; Tolga Aytug, Oak Ridge National Laboratory; Yong Lin Kong, University of Utah


8:30 AM  Invited
Additive Manufacturing of NdFeB Bonded Permanent Magnets: Prospects and Challenges: Parans Paranthaman1; 1Oak Ridge National Laboratory
    Additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing is well known for producing parts without any tooling required, offering a promising alternative to the conventional injection molding method to fabricate near-net-shaped functional magnets. We compare two different binders with material extrusion, to determine their applicability in the fabrication of Nd-Fe-B bonded magnets. Prospects and challenges of these state-of-the-art technologies for large-scale industrial applications will be discussed. This work was supported by the Critical Materials Institute, an Energy Innovation Hub funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Advanced Manufacturing Office.

8:55 AM  Invited
Copper-carbon Nanotube Composites Enabled by Electrospinning for Advanced Conductors : Kai Li1; Michael McGuire1; Andrew Lupini1; Lydia Skolrood1; Fred List1; Burak Ozpineci1; Soydan Ozcan1; Tolga Aytug1; 1Oak Ridge National Laboratory
    The power losses associated with the electrical resistance of copper (Cu) have generated considerable interest in the development of advanced conductors that incorporate carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into Cu matrix―ultra-conductive Cu (UCC) composites―to increase energy efficiency in various industrial and residential applications. To meet this demand, we describe an electrospinning-based polymer nanofiber templating strategy to fabricate UCC composites with electrical and mechanical performance exceeding that of Cu. Our approach involves electrospinning of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-based solutions containing CNTs into aligned PVP/CNT nanofibers onto Cu substrates, followed by thermal treatment to achieve a uniformly distributed CNT layer. Following additional Cu deposition, Cu-CNT-Cu composites demonstrated similar electrical conductivity, higher current carrying capacity, and improved mechanical properties compared with those of Cu. We believe that these performance characteristics together with the commercial viability of present approach could open new possibilities in designing advanced conductors for a broad range of electrical systems and industrial applications.

9:20 AM  
Performance of Chromium Doped Zinc Selenide Nanocrystals: Morphological and Fluorescence Characteristics: Narsingh Singh1; Ching Hua Su1; Bradley Arnold1; Fow-Sen Choa1; David Sachs1; Brett Setera1; Christopher Cooper1; Brian Cullum1; Kamdeo Mandal1; 1University of Maryland, Baltimore County
    Both zinc sulfide and zinc selenide have been used for optical windows and coatings due to a very low absorption coefficient across a wide wavelength range allowing both a desirable degree of transparency and high laser damage threshold. A low temperature process to prepare nanoengineered pure and ZnSe was performed using zinc acetate, sodium selenite and a capping agent to avoid agglomeration. We observed that the addition of the capping agent before or after chemical synthesis of ZnSe played very important role to control the size of nanoparticles and to avoid agglomeration. Size of nanoparticles of synthesized ZnSe was as small as 10 nm for both doped and undoped material. Cr-ZnSe nano particles showed fluorescence at different wavelengths, and higher bandgap than bulk Cr- ZnSe crystal grown by PVT method. The magnitude fluorescence intensity for Cr-ZnSe nanoparticles was higher compared to undoped ZnSe nanoparticles.

9:40 AM  Invited
Revealing Meso-structure Dynamics in Additive Manufacturing of Energy Storage via Operando Coherent X-ray Scattering: Cheng-Hung Lin1; Karol Dyro1; Olivia Chen1; Dean Yen1; Bingqian Zheng1; Surita Bhatia1; Ke Sun1; Qingkun Meng2; Lutz Wiegart3; Yu-chen Karen Chen-Wiegart4; 1Stony Brook University; 2China University of Mining and Technology; Stony Brook University; 3Brookhaven National Laboratory; 4Stony Brook University; Brookhaven National Laboratory
    3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has revolutionized how materials are being manufactured with controlled and adaptable spatial geometry. 3D printing is particularly promising for future energy harvesting and storage micro-devices with benefits including versatile shapes, enhanced performance, and the potential to directly integrate power sources into the 3D printed structure and devices. The batteries’ performance is critically determined by the mesoscale structure within the printed electrodes. It is therefore important to understand the non-equilibrium processing steps that determine the mesoscale structure of 3D printed battery materials, with the ultimate goal to control these structures through fine-tuning the highly non-equilibrium processing conditions. In this work, we utilized operando synchrotron coherent X-ray scattering techniques, including X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS), to study the dynamics of mesoscale structure formation in situ throughout the far-from-equilibrium processing pathways. This work investigates the extrusion-based continuous-flow direct ink writing technique for 3D printing of battery electrodes, with an ultimate goal towards guiding a rational design for the next generation energy storage devices, promising greater impacts on a broader range of technologies in the future.

10:05 AM  Invited
Sterilize and Recharge Masks Simultaneously for Safe Reuse: Ying Zhong1; Sriram Krishnamoorthy1; Vladislav Paley1; Xudong Wang1; Libin Ye1; 1University of South Florida
    Masks are at extreme shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many front line professionals and civilians are reusing their masks. However, with regular sterilization technologies, the electrostatic charges cannot be recovered. It ends up with filtration efficiency reduction of masks, risking human lives for unexpected exposure. This presentation will introduce a new sterilization technology which can sterilize and recharge masks simultaneously. The devices are portable and efficient with low energy consumption. The sterility assurance level (SAL) has reached lower than 10-3 vs. E.coli, which is enough for regular mask reuse. With longer treatment time, we can reach SAL of 10-6, sufficient for sterilization of surgical devices. In addition to masks, we can also sterilize surfaces to reduce the repeated use of chemical disinfectants. We will also introduce how the publics should safely use and reused masks in this presentation.