Next Generation Biomaterials : Next Generation Biomaterials IV
Sponsored by: ACerS Bioceramics Division, TMS Biomaterials Committee
Program Organizers: Roger Narayan, University of North Carolina; David Dausch, RTI International; Sanjiv Lalwani, Lynntech, Inc.
Wednesday 8:00 AM
November 4, 2020
Room: Virtual Meeting Room 12
Location: MS&T Virtual
Session Chair: Sundeep Mukherjee, University of North Texas; Soham Parikh, Wright State University; Hitesh Vora, Oklahoma State University
8:00 AM Invited
Next Generation Multi-principal and Amorphous Metallic Biomaterials: Jibril Shittu1; Maryam Sadeghilaridjani1; Sundeep Mukherjee1; 1University of North Texas
Amorphous metals and multi-principal alloys have remarkable properties such as excellent wear resistance, superior corrosion resistance under physiological conditions, high strength, and tunable stiffness that make them attractive for next generation bio-implant applications. In addition, the surface of these alloys may be textured to achieve favorable topography for enhancing cell-implant interaction. The favorable surface conditions mediate protein adsorption and biological response to these implant surfaces. Recent results on surface engineering of these alloys will be presented which may promote faster wound healing and tissue regeneration.
8:20 AM Invited
Novel Hierarchical Carbon Nantotube-coated Materials as Bioscaffolds for Keratinocyte Cell Growth: Soham Parikh1; Courtney Sulentic1; Sharmila Mukhopadhyay2; 1Wright State University; 2The University of Maine
Injuries involving skin cause a huge social and financial burden. In 2018, skin related injuries required more than $28 billion for Medicare. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been successfully used for cell scaffolding and are effective in adhesion, growth, and differentiation of various cells; however, they have not been investigated in detail for aiding keratinocyte growth. The proposed project aims to determine the use of covalently bonded CNT-coated hierarchical carbon scaffolds made in our lab for sustaining keratinocytes for future development of novel skin autografts. In this study, we found that CNT-coated scaffolds could support cell growth and could maintain normal proliferation while healing progresses. We have found that keratinocyte cell growth can be modified through wettability control and CNT-coated scaffolds promote cell proliferation of keratinocytes and are not cytotoxic. While detailed cell growth analyses are underway, preliminary results strongly support future potential of our bio-mimetic scaffolds in tissue engineering.
8:40 AM
Chemical, Thermal and Radiological Stability of Bio-ceramics: Akshay Patel1; Margaret LaCourse1; Brett Setera1; Ian Emge1; Charmain Su1; Joshua Wilhide1; Brian Cullum1; Bradley Arnold1; Fow-Sen Choa1; Narsingh Singh1; 1University of Maryland, Baltimore County
AApatites have been studied for their application as laser host materials to generate high power in the near infrared and mid-infrared wavelength region. Most of the attention was paid on Czochralski grown silicate and phosphates. It is only recently researchers have started exploring their applications for bone and teeth composites. The continuous effort is devoted to develop process to achieve bone compositions both crystalline composites and glasses for good mechanical properties, bioactivity, less degradability, and regeneration characteristics. We have prepared hard composites and have processed with both organic and inorganic flux. The approach involved low temperature processing using nano and micron sized powders of silicates and titanates for inorganics and PMMA for polymer composites. We performed detailed characterization for their chemical, thermal and radiological stability. Effect of radiation was determined using commercially available Cs137 -ray source. We observed that electrical resistivity increased due to radiation exposure on these materials.
9:00 AM
Ultra-soft Hydrogel Mechanical Property Testing Device and Methodology: Kazue Orikasa1; Nicole Bacca1; Arvind Agarwal1; 1Florida International University
Recently, new ultra-soft materials such as hydrogels have led to advances in biomaterial development. Hydrogels are used as a scaffold material for tissue regeneration. It is essential to understand the mechanical properties of scaffolds as there is a correlation between their mechanical properties and the conditions for cell growth. Although there are methods available for measuring the mechanical properties of ultra-soft materials, they often require high specialization and sophisticated equipment. A simple device and methodology for ultra-soft material characterization are proposed. A 10 mm-diameter cylindrical flat indenter constructed from a stiff polymer was designed and attached to a table-top mechanical load frame. Indentation tests on natural soft materials with varying stiffness (e.g. high-fat yogurt, chicken breast, Aloe Vera) were conducted. A variation of the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts technique was applied to compute the stiffness values. The results suggest that novel device and methodology provide accurate values of compliant materials.
9:20 AM
Silk Fibroin Scaffold Degradation Induced by Focused Therapeutic Ultrasound: Megan DeBari1; Xiaodan Niu1; Mallory Griffin1; Sean Pereira1; Bin He1; Rosalyn Abbott1; 1Carnegie Mellon University
A patient’s capacity for tissue regeneration varies based on age, nutritional status, disease state, and lifestyle. Because regeneration rate cannot be predicted prior to biomaterial implantation, there is a need for responsive biomaterials with adaptive, personalized degradation rates to improve regenerative outcomes. Our research demonstrates an approach to use therapeutic ultrasound to alter the degradation profile of silk fibroin biomaterials noninvasively, post-implantation. By evaluating changes in weight, porosity, surface morphology, compressive modulus, and chemical structure, we conclude that therapeutic ultrasound can induce degradation of silk scaffolds. Furthermore, the scaffold’s mechanical properties and polymer structure were not altered during sonication. This method proved safe for human cells with no negative effects on cell viability or metabolism. Sonication through human skin also effectively triggered scaffold degradation, increasing the clinical relevance of these results. These findings suggest that silk is an ultrasound-responsive biomaterial, where degradation can be triggered noninvasively to improve regenerative outcomes.