Composite Materials for Sustainable Eco-Friendly Applications: Eco-Friendly Composites - Naturally Sourced Materials
Sponsored by: TMS Structural Materials Division, TMS: Composite Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Brian Wisner, Ohio University; Ioannis Mastorakos, Clarkson University; Simona Hunyadi Murph, Savannah River National Laboratory
Thursday 8:30 AM
March 3, 2022
Room: 211A
Location: Anaheim Convention Center
Session Chair: Ioannis Mastorakos, Clarkson University
8:30 AM
Additive Manufacturing with Wood-based Composites for Building Construction Applications: Michael Maughan1; Conal Thie1; Berlinda Orji1; Robert Carne1; Tais Mitchell1; Kenneth Baker1; Armando McDonald1; 1University of Idaho
This presentation describes our experience developing a thermosetting wood-based composite for 3D printing of housing and light-commercial building applications. This novel composite utilizes minimally processed wood fibers with an inorganic binder and is cured in a variety of modes, including at room-temperature. When the binder cures, it sequesters carbon dioxide, thereby reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide and helping to mitigate climate change. The rheological properties of the material are acceptable for extrusion and when cured, produce a material with strength and stiffness equal or superior to traditional particle board. We also present a comprehensive embodied energy comparison of this fabrication process to other construction methods and describe the short-term outlook for this research.
8:50 AM
Designing Novel MicroNano Concrete as Subsurface Hydraulic Barrier Materials Using Shale Rocks as Templates: Cody Massion1; Vamsi S.K. Vissa1; Yunxing Lu2; Dustin Crandall3; Andrew Bunger2; Mileva Radonjic1; 1Oklahoma State University; 2University of Pittsburgh; 3National Energy Technology Laboratory
Wellbore cement is the primary hydraulic barrier material used in wellbore construction, with properties similar to the formation rock. It serves multiple purposes such as providing mechanical support, zonal isolation, maintaining well performance, and finally restoring sealing barriers during the wellbore abandonment. Clay rich shale rocks are phenomenal sealing materials, and often exist in extensive lateral dimensions with variable thickness and in multilayered structures. Unlike clay dominated shale that resists fracturing, Portland cement has a brittle nature and is subject to mechanical failure at downhole conditions of HTHP. Three materials are explored as additives: olivine to prevent chemical attack from CO2 rich geofluids; zeolite for its water storage and slow moisture release that can potentially prevent drying shrinkage, allow secondary cement hydration, and promote self-healing capabilities; graphene to enhanced mechanical properties. In this study we investigate the mechanism for how each of these micro-nano aggregates contributes to cement matrix performance.
9:10 AM Cancelled
Prediction of the Mechanical Properties of Epoxy-snail Shell Particulate (ESSP) Composites Using Artificial Neural (ANN) Method: Ademola Agbeleye1; Harrison Onovo1; 1University of Lagos
This study investigated the mechanical characteristics of various compositions of epoxy- snail shell particulate (ESSP) composites. The ESSP composite comprised of epoxy matrix reinforced with 5-20 wt. % snail shell particles having grain sizes ranging from 150 to 300 microns produced via stir casting. The samples were subjected to flexural, tensile, hardness and metallography examinations. Artificial neural network (ANN) was employed to predict the influence of the process parameters on the mechanical properties of the developed composites. The results of the mechanical as well as the metallographic investigation of optical, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microscopy revealed that the snail shell significantly influence the flexural strength, tensile strength, and hardness of the composites. The well-trained ANN system satisfactorily predicted the experimental results with the correlation coefficient (R-value) of 0.92897 and can be handy for an optimum design.
9:30 AM
Biodegrability of Bioplastic Films with Manihot Esculenta Starch in Natural Environment: Harrison Onovo1; Ademola Agbeleye1; Ruth Nnaji1; Esther Towolawi1; 1University of Lagos, Nigeria
Issues associated with plastic wastes has led to the timely invention of biodegradable plastics. This study however, investigated the biodegradation activities of bioplastic films from Manihot Esculenta starch. Biodegradability test was conducted on bioplastic films of different formulations and the conventional non-biodegrable plastic film to enable healthy comparison. The inoculums utilized to initiate biodegradation, and catalyse the process were collected from consortium of microbes from top humus soil of Akoka aquatic environment in Lagos Lagoon area of Lagos, Nigeria. The rate of biodegration of both bio and non-bio based plastic films was evaluated through the weight loss approach. The results indicate that bioplastics absorbed moisture contaminated with microbes and achieved saturation at the third day of exposure. The degradation processes commenced instantly and continued until the bioplastic films were brokendown to pieces. The biodegradation rate of bioplastic and non-bioplastic films studied were approximately 0.10 and 0.00 g/24 hour (day), respectively.