Natural Fibers and Its Composites: A Sustainable Solution: Natural Fibers / Natural Fibers Composites
Sponsored by: TMS Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division, TMS: Biomaterials Committee, TMS: Materials Characterization Committee
Program Organizers: Henry Colorado, Universidad de Antioquia; Sergio Monteiro, Instituto Militar de Engenharia; Carlos Fontes Vieira, State University Of The North Fluminense
Wednesday 8:30 AM
March 22, 2023
Room: 33B
Location: SDCC
Session Chair: Sergio Neves Monteiro, Instituto Militar de Engenharia; Henry Colorado, Universidad de Antioquia; Carlos Vieira, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro; Afonso Azevedo, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense; Joseph Jakes, USDA FS Forest Products Laboratory
8:30 AM Invited
Recent Advances in Understanding Wood Cell Wall Material Properties: Joseph Jakes1; 1USDA FS Forest Products Laboratory
Lignocellulosic materials, such as wood and wood-based composites, are poised to play a major role in meeting our needs for sustainable materials. However, lignocellulosic materials will never reach their full potential until their material properties are better understood across their multiscale structures, especially at the smaller length scales like individual cell wall layers. New approaches and tools are needed. We have recently employed materials science approaches and a wide array of advanced experimental characterization techniques, including X-ray fluorescence microscopy, X-ray computed tomography, small angle neutron scattering, and nanoindentation experiments, to study wood cell wall properties. The materials science approach includes identifying and studying structure-property- processing-performance relationships. Recent progress understanding mechanical, mass transport, and moisture-induced swelling properties of wood cell walls will be presented.
9:00 AM
Characterization of Broom Sorghum Colm Fibers as Potential Natural Fiber Reinforcement for Polymer Composites: Pedro Huang1; David Coverdale Velasco1; Noan Simonassi1; Felipe Lopes1; Henry Colorado1; Sergio Monteiro1; Carlos Maurício Vieira1; 1State University of the Northern Rio de Janeiro
Aiming in diminish the human impact on the environment scientist suggests the reinsertion of agricultural or industrial waste on the production chain among others solutions. In this scenario this work aims to evaluate the potential use of the broom sorghum colm fibers as polymer composites reinforcement. These fibers have no known current use and are commonly discarded on the field after the harvest of the fibers from the panicle of this plant. For this study one hundred fibers were extracted from the plant colm and subjected to tensile tests after is measures and weigh were taken. The density of these were also obtained by water picnometry. The results shown a surprisingly low density of around 0.3 g/cm³ with a god tensile strength that increases with the main diameter decrease.
9:20 AM
Characterization of “Melga” (Broom Sorghum) Panicle Fibers: Potential use as Natural Fiber Reinforcement for Polymer Composites: Bicalho Weslley1; David Coverdale Velasco1; Felipe Lopes1; Noan Simonassi1; Henry Colorado1; Carlos Maurício Vieira1; Sergio Monteiro1; 1State University of Northern Rio de Janeiro
The interest in use of natural fibers in composites has grown worldwide. Compared to synthetic fibers natural ones require little to none processing to be used as a raw material. This is the case of the fibers extracted from the broom sorghum panicle, commonly known in Brazil as “melga” fibers. These fibers can be found in some Brazilian households as brooms. This study was carried out aiming to verify the mechanical behavior of these fibers to be potentially used as polymer composites reinforcement. To characterize the fibers one hundred fibers were randomly selected from a receiving bunch and its main diameter, length and weigh was measured on each fiber that were latter subjected to tensile tests. The results shows a relative low density along with an increase in tensile strength the thinner the fibers which indicates a good potential to produce high performance and low weigh composites.
9:40 AM
Natural Fibers Used from Colombia and their Use as Potential Reinforcement for Composite Materials: Henry Colorado1; Sergio Neves2; Geovana Carla Delaqua3; Carlos Mauricio Vieira3; 1Universidad de Antioquia; 2Instituto Militar de Engenharia; 3State University of the North Fluminense
10:00 AM Break
10:20 AM Invited
Arapaima Gigas Scales, an Inspiration of a Natural Material for Composite Applications: Henry Colorado1; Sergio Neves2; Carlos Mauricio Vieira3; 1Universidad de Antioquia; 2Instituto Militar de Engenharia; 3State University of the North Fluminense
Arapaima gigas (also known as pirarucu) is one of the biggest river fish in the world. Its scales have evolved to a strong material with excellent performance in impact and other mechanical behavior. The scale is a natural composite and, in this research, its properties have been evaluated with several techniques, which include: tensile tests, scanning electron microscopy, and x-ray diffraction. Some samples have been also fabricated and thus characterized involving multiple materials polyester and ceramic powders, which is motivated for the increasing use of artificial rocks. For these composites, in addition to the mentioned tests, compression strength evaluation was also included.
10:40 AM Invited
Qualification of Polymeric Composites for Piping Repair by Tensile Testing: Aline de Bessa Schinkoeth Reis1; Felipe Perissé Duarte Lopes1; Noan Tonini Simonassi1; Eduardo Atem de Carvalho1; Carlos Fontes Vieira1; 1Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense
One of the major failures of petroleum fluid pipelines today is external corrosion caused to the marine environment, especially in offshore units. Definitive piping repair request a production shutdown and it have a risk of explosion due to spark generated during the welding process. This work investigates a modified epoxy resin incorporating particulates and reinforced by fiber fabrics to develop a definitive repair by polymeric composites, avoiding the stop production and another advantage is that no hot work is used during its execution. Epoxy resin samples and their composites with particulates were subjected to a tensile testing, and the composites presented better consistency to be applied and mechanical strength for repair application. Were used recycled glass, calcite and mica. And fabrics of Jute fiber and fiberglass. Nowadays, for practical purpose, two standard guide the design of composite repair system, ISO TS 24817 and ASME PCC2.
11:00 AM
Development of Nouvel Bio-based Epoxy Resin Made with Cardanol, Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Subproduct: Felipe Perissé Duarte Lopes1; Noan Tonini Simonassi1; Eduardo Atem de Carvalho1; Carlos Fontes Vieira1; 1Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense
From the last century to nowadays, the warning regarding with nature is increasing since the earth is facing to climate changes rapidly. Researches are trying to find substitutes of synthetic products made by fossil resources, using materials from renewables sources. The common epoxy is used largely in the world, but this type of resin is made from petroleum. One way to fabricate green epoxy is from vegetable oils. Usually the idea is do an epoxidization on vegetal oils, but the objective of this work was to find a way easier to reduce the quantity of petroleum-derived resin components. Therefore, were mixed the common epoxy, that is called Diglicidil Ether Bisphenol A (DGEBA), directly with cardanol with different weight percentages, with curing with another common hardener on the market, trietilenetetramine (TETA). To evaluate was performed mechanical testing proofing the possibility to reduce the amount (30%) of DGEBA without loose performance.
11:20 AM
Mitigation of Urban Noise through the Implementation of Sound-absorbing Facade Skirting Boards Based on Epoxy Resin and Rice Husk Nanoparticles: Jeiser Rendón Giraldo1; Henry Colorado1; 1Universidad de Antioquia
The noise pollution generated in the city is currently one of the main environmental problems. Different studies try to address this type of pollution, which above all focuses on sources of traffic car noise. The following work seeks to find solutions to this problem. Understanding that today a large percentage of traffic car noise is generated by the interaction between the tire and the ground. The possibility of mitigating this type of noise through the implementation of sound-absorbing facade baseboards is proposed in this work. For this, it is expected to use binder epoxy resin that, mixed with nanoparticles of rice husk, manages to mitigate environmental noise conditions in urban canyons. To characterize the conditions of an urban canyon, information from a noise monitoring station from around 3 years was used. To evaluate the absorption conditions of the compounds, an impedance tube was used. Finally, to show the absorption of the baseboards, a 1:10 scale model was used, and modeling was carried out in Catt Acoustic. The results obtained show that absorption coefficients of up to 0.5 can be reached in the 1 KHz band.