Functional Nanomaterials 2023: Session I
Sponsored by: TMS Functional Materials Division, TMS Structural Materials Division, TMS: Nanomaterials Committee, TMS: Composite Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Yong Lin Kong, University of Utah; Sarah Ying Zhong, University of South Florida; Mostafa Bedewy, University of Pittsburgh; Woochul Lee, University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa; Changhong Cao, McGill University; Kiyo Fujimoto, Idaho National Laboratory; Surojit Gupta, University of North Dakota; Michael Cai Wang, University of South Florida
Monday 8:30 AM
March 20, 2023
Room: Aqua 305
Location: Hilton
Session Chair: Surojit Gupta, University of North Dakota; Woochul Lee, University of Hawaii at Manoa; Yong Lin Kong, University of Utah
8:30 AM
Design and Characterization of Novel Lignin Based Nanoparticles: Surojit Gupta1; Negin Ziamahmoodi1; Sabah Javaid1; 1University of North Dakota
Biomass has emerged as an important constituent of sustainability research. Lignin, although underutilized, is an important constituent of biomass. In the presentation, we will present some of the recent development in synthesis of lignin based nanoparticles. Detailed characterization of these particles will be presented. It is expected that these particles can be used for different types of functional applications.
8:50 AM
Fabrication of Hexagonal Diamond by Aqueous Solution-based Electrochemistry: Rajakumar Sidharada Devarapalli1; Daniel Choi1; 1Khalifa University
Fabrication of hexagonal diamonds using anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) nanoporous template is performed by two step electrodeposition process. Initially, cobalt nanowires are deposited in the nanocavities of AAO template by applying constant current (galvanostatic) across the electrodes. Both the deposition time and the current applied were varied to identify suitable cobalt nanowire deposition for the second stage of hexagonal diamond deposition. Crystallography of deposited cobalt nanowires is controlled by altering PH of the electrolyte. In the second stage hexagonal diamonds are deposited over the cobalt nanowires by applying constant voltage (potentiostatic). A homogeneous solution of Acetonitrile and Methanol in a 1:1 ratio is used as an electrolyte in the second stage of the diamond deposition process. The yield of hexagonal diamonds is increased by altering the crystal structure of the seed Cobalt nanowire to HCP. The reproducibility of diamonds is achieved by optimization of the deposition process.
9:10 AM Invited
Multi-principal Element Nanostructures via Nanosecond Laser-induced Dewetting: Ritesh Sachan1; Ashish Gupta1; Soumya Mandal1; Andrea Konečná2; Nozomi Shirato3; Jordan Hachtel4; 1Oklahoma State University; 2Brno University of Technology; 3Argonne National Laboratory; 4Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Multi-principal element alloy (MPEA) nanostructures have recently gained a great deal of attention due to their promising properties relevant to energy-relevant applications. However, the development of processing techniques that could fabricate MPEA nanoparticles with spatial order and tunable physical characteristics, such as size and microstructure, has been challenging owing to achieving a homogeneous mixing of constituent elements. Here we discuss how pulsed laser melting of ultrathin alloy films can be a powerful but simple and cost-effective technique to fabricate MPEA nanostructures. Ultrathin metal films (1-30 nm) on inert substrates like SiO2 are generally unstable, with their free energy resembling that of a spinodal system. Such films can spontaneously evolve into predictable nanomorphologies with well-defined length scales. Here we review this laser-based experimental technique and provide examples of resulting robust nanostructures that can have applications in catalysis and optics.
9:40 AM Invited
Multiscale and In Situ X-ray Interrogation of Functional Carbon Nanotube Materials and Devices: Eric Meshot1; 1Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Deriving multiscale structure-property relationships is critical for application-oriented design and manufacture of hierarchical nanomaterials, yet it remains challenging to quantify structure across multiple length scales as well as in operando. We leveraged complementary hard and soft X-ray scattering to map the structure of self-aligned CNT “forests” from angstroms to micrometers[1] and across entire 4-inch wafer substrates[2]. Then we deployed these scattering techniques in two representative applications to link structure and function by interrogating: 1) the multiscale helical structure in twist-spun CNT yarns during tensile loading[3]; and 2) the nanoconfined structure of ions inside carbon nanopores during supercapacitor cycling[4]. These advances in coupling functional CNT materials with real-time X-ray characterization offer mechanistic insight and potential for discovery and design optimization not afforded by conventional ex situ post analyses. [1]ACS Nano, 11 (6):5405-5416, 2017; [2]Carbon, 159:236-246, 2020; [3]Carbon, 187:415-424, 2022; [4]Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 11, 15, 6150-6155, 2020.
10:10 AM Break
10:30 AM
3D Printed Nanomaterials-based Functional Architecture with Metamaterials-inspired Electromagnetic Structures: Samuel Hales1; Jared Anklam1; Yang Xin2; John Ho2; Yong Lin Kong1; 1University of Utah; 2National University of Singapore
The synergistic integration of nanomaterials with 3D printing can create architecture and devices with an unprecedented level of functional integration. However, the inability to selectively anneal printed materials on a broad range of temperature-sensitive constructs has limited the potential functional complexity and performance. Prior works primarily rely on heating the entire printed object post-printing in a bulk annealing process, which severely limits the possible materials integration and geometrical configuration. Alternatively, highly focused electromagnetic waves are attractive strategies that can achieve in situ localized heating of printed material to program its mechanical and electrical properties. Here, we demonstrate the ability to selectively and locally anneal 3D printed nanomaterials in situ on a broad range of temperature-sensitive substrates by exploiting metamaterials-inspired electromagnetic structures. We demonstrate the ability to create spatially freeform microstructure where the electronics and mechanical properties can be locally programmed, significantly broaden the materials compatible with a 3D printing process.
10:50 AM
Heteroatom-Doped Laser-Induced Graphene for Flexible Biosensors of Neurotransmitters with Nanomolar Sensitivity: Mostafa Bedewy1; Ki-Ho Nam1; Moataz Abdulhafez1; Elisa Castagnola1; Golnaz Najaf Tomaraei1; Xinyan Tracy Cui1; 1University of Pittsburgh
A key challenge in graphene-based flexible devices is direct fabrication on polymeric substrates, especially for microelectrode arrays that penetrate the brain. Moreover, both chemical and morphological control are exceedingly challenging for polymeric devices that cannot withstand the extreme environments necessary for synthesis and doping of graphene. Here, we present a new approach to directly grow 3D porous graphene with controlled heteroatom content on polymers. This process is based on localized laser irradiation of molecularly controlled polyimides for patterning graphene and doping it during laser scanning, wherein polyimide acts as the carbon precursor. We use a two-step polycondensation of 4,4'-oxydianiline with three different tetracarboxylic dianhydrides for fabricating fully aromatic polyimides with various internal linkages such as phenylene, trifluoromethyl or sulfone groups. Among the three different variants we fabricate (N-doped, F-doped, and S-doped), our results show that F-doped graphene microelectrodes exhibit a superior performance for electrochemical detection of dopamine with sub-10-nM concentration.
11:10 AM
Energetics of Nanoscale Films Consisting of Vertically-aligned Oxide-metal Pillars In Nitride Matrix: Sreekar Rayaprolu1; Ahmad Ahmad1; Haiyan Wang1; Anter El-Azab1; 1Purdue University
The three-phase nanocomposite thin film consisting of NiO, and Au pillars in TiN matrix exhibits excellent magneto-optical coupling. Following a template growth process, a recent study showed that NiO deposited on the TiN-Au template nucleates on Au producing an array of ordered nanopillars. Due to the oxygen-deficient NiO, Au-Ni interdiffusion develops Au shell around NiO and segregated clusters of Ni in Au pillars. Here, we report a comparative energetic study confirming that core-shell configuration is energetically favorable compared to configurations representing the system without interdiffusion of Au and Ni. An energy model accounting for the elastic energy due to lattice mismatch strain and capillarity effects, interfacial and chemical energies has been used for this purpose. We found that Au-Ni interdiffusion is immediate with deposition of oxygen-deficient NiO on TiN-Au template, and a critical ratio of Au and NiO pillar heights favors core-shell structure.
11:30 AM
Bottom Up, Scalable Synthesis of Anatase-based Carbo-oxide Nanofilaments and Two-dimensional Sheets, Their Properties, and Potential Applications: Hussein Badr1; Michel Barsoum1; 1Drexel University
Preparation of two-dimensional materials (2D) has predominantly been through selective etching of layered solids. Herein, we convert – near ambient conditions – a dozen of commercial water-insoluble Ti-containing precursors including TiC, TiN, and TiB2 into one-dimensional (1D) nanofilaments that self-align in 2D flakes. Simply, the precursor is treated in tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution at 50-80°C for a few days. Using a battery of techniques, we conclude that the resulting entities are C-containing anatase-based 1D nanofilaments that are ≈ 6 x 10 Å2 in cross-section and few microns long. The filaments/flakes showed enhanced electrochemical performance as cathodes in both Li-ion and Li-S batteries. They also found to reduce the viability of cancer cells thus showing potential in biomedical applications. The developed synthesis protocol of 1D and 2D materials in bulk-scale at near ambient conditions is paradigm shifting and will undoubtedly open new and exciting avenues of research and applications.