Biological Materials Science: Biological Materials Science IV
Sponsored by: TMS Functional Materials Division, TMS: Biomaterials Committee
Program Organizers: David Restrepo, University of Texas at San Antonio; Steven Naleway, University of Utah; Jing Du, Pennsylvania State University; Ning Zhang, Baylor University; Hannes Schniepp, William & Mary
Tuesday 2:30 PM
March 1, 2022
Room: 201B
Location: Anaheim Convention Center
Session Chair: Steven Naleway, The University of Utah; Hannes Shniepp, William and Mary
2:30 PM Invited
Harnessing Biomolecules for Multifunctional Dental Biomaterials: Candan Tamerler1; Paulette Spencer1; 1University of Kansas
Oral health challenges form one of the most prevalent medical interventions. 3.5 billion cases end up with untreated oral conditions where more than quarter million individuals ending up with complete tooth loss globally. In US, nearly 100 million dental composite and amalgam restorations fail each year, and the cycle of repeated composite-restoration replacements is a pernicious problem. Clinical need for dental biomaterial therapies is unrelenting. Dental biomaterials in oral cavity are required to interface not only with a diverse set of tissues, from soft oral gingiva to hard, mineralized enamel and bone; but also function under demanding environmental conditions. To address this challenge, we harness biomolecules for engineered preventive, restorative, and regenerative approaches where a particular focus is imparted to key biological activity imparted by each engineered biomolecule. Emphasis will be placed on the structure-function relationships between biomolecules and their biological activity, the unique challenges of each clinical condition.
3:05 PM
Preparation and Characterization of Alloys of the Ti-10Mo-Mn System for Biomedical Purposes: Mariana Lourenço1; Carlos Roberto Grandini1; 1Unesp
Titanium alloys have been widely used for more than fifty years in orthopedic and dental areas. The objective of this work was to predict, prepare, characterize and analyze the influence of some thermomechanical treatments on the structure, microstructure, and some selected mechanical properties of Ti-10Mo-Mn alloys. The samples were cast, homogenized, and hot-rolled. After each processing step, XRD, OM, and SEM measurements were performed to analyze the structure and microstructure. For the mechanical properties, Vickers microhardness and elastic modulus measurements were obtained. The equivalent molybdenum analysis predicted that the alloys would present only the β phase, which was confirmed with the structural and microstructural characterization. Regarding the mechanical properties, the hardness remained high and the elastic modulus below the alloys already commercially used as biomaterials. The modulus values decreased compared to cp-Ti by adding alloying elements (Mo and Mn are β-stabilizing agents). (Financial Support: Capes, CNPq and FAPESP).
3:25 PM Invited
Bioinspired Materials for Organic, Flexible, and Degradable Biosensors: Sayantan Pradhan1; Meng Xu1; Ramendra Pal1; Vamsi Yadavalli1; 1Virginia Commonwealth University
Bioinspired materials provide exciting opportunities to develop physiologically compliant biosensors and bioelectronic systems. Functional biocomposites with mechanical robustness and flexibility, transparency and importantly, biocompatibility and biodegradability provide a unique palette of properties for biointerfacing sensors. They can serve as both structural and functional components of such devices. We will discuss how bioderived materials such as silks and chitosan can function as the starting point to develop components including electroactive coating materials, flexible electrodes, biosensors, and energy storage devices. Photopatternable bioinks can be formed using conducting polymers to form high resolution, flexible micropatterned surfaces. In addition, designs leading to engineered elastic behaviors and out-of-plane deformations can be facilitated by the use of kirigami inspired cuts. We will show how various biomarkers and physiological targets can be detected in situ using flexible, conformable devices. By combining with organic wiring, such biomaterials can therefore provide viable alternatives to synthetic and metal based devices.
4:00 PM Break
4:15 PM
Mechanical Characterization of Collagen Hydrogels by Quasi-static Uniaxial Tensile Experiments: JiEung Kim1; Sangmin Lee1; Taek-soo Kim1; Dongchan Jang1; 1KAIST
Given the significance of mechano-chemical interactions between the cells and extracellular matrices, the mechanical properties of collagen hydrogels are of essential importance in most biological systems. This study aims to investigate the tensile behavior of collagen hydrogels under quasi-static uniaxial tensile stress and provide its mechanical response. Strained confocal image under tension stage showed the structural evolution under uniaxial tension with lateral contraction. A combination of tensile testing and microstructure analysis demonstrates the mechanism of tensile properties complementarily. When the tensile stress is applied, the unfolding dominated deformation of the collagen network occurs in the first stage. Then, the mechanical response continuously turns to the stretching-dominated deformation of the network through the gradual transition regime between those two different mechanical responses. These results illustrate that collagen hydrogels respond to tensile stress with two main deformation mechanisms: unfolding dominated and stretching dominated regimes, which shows the non-linear stress-strain relationship.