Advances in Powder and Ceramic Materials Science: Advanced Ceramics and Processes and Ceramic-based Composites
Sponsored by: TMS Extraction and Processing Division, TMS Materials Processing and Manufacturing Division, TMS: Materials Characterization Committee, TMS: Powder Materials Committee
Program Organizers: Bowen Li, Michigan Technological University; Shefford Baker, Cornell; Kathy Lu, University of Alabama Birmingham; Faqin Dong, Southwest University of Science and Technology; Jinhong Li, China University of Geosciences; Eugene Olevsky, San Diego State University; Ruigang Wang, Michigan State University; Dipankar Ghosh, Old Dominion University

Monday 2:00 PM
February 28, 2022
Room: 213C
Location: Anaheim Convention Center

Session Chair: Shefford Baker, Cornell University; Jinhong Li, China University of Geosciences (Beijing)


2:00 PM Introductory Comments

2:05 PM  Invited
Transformative Ceramic Science and Engineering Design to Address Societal Needs: Julie Schoenung1; 1University of California, Irvine
    Significant advancements in ceramic science are required to address emerging societal challenges such as climate change and the need for better energy storage technologies. The necessary breakthroughs will require the reevaluation of existing ceramic design and processing paradigms. Instead of conventional sintering and well-studied compositions, alternative approaches are needed to transform ceramic materials and component design. Two examples will be highlighted in this presentation: (1) leveraging the complex chemistry in high entropy oxides (HEO) which allows for unique phase transformations that can be tuned to precisely and reversibly control phase distribution, microstructure, properties, and behavior; and (2) the application of single-step, binderless laser based additive manufacturing to produce solid-state cathode and electrolyte materials, with the potential for fabricating three-dimensional batteries with complex geometries and high active material loading. These examples demonstrate that transformative results can be achieved through strategic use of complex ceramic chemistries and innovative materials processing methods.

2:25 PM  
Processing & Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Ceramic Matrix Composites Using Preceramic Polymers: Mark O'Masta1; Ekaterina Stonkevitch1; Kayleigh Porter1; Phuong Bui1; Zak Eckel1; Tobias Schaedler1; 1HRL Laboratories LLC
     Additive manufacturing (AM) of ceramic matrix composites (CMCs), comprising a polymer-derived Si(O)C ceramic matrix, allows for free-from part fabrication, with tailorable thermal and mechanical properties. Realizing these potential gains requires controlling multiple phase changes, as the silicon-based, pre-ceramic resin (PCR) is printed on light-based printers and converted into a CMC after a pyrolysis heat treatment, as well as understanding the interaction with the embedded reinforcement. Here, we pair numerical analysis with experimental studies, including in-situ X-ray computed tomography (XCT) of the pyrolysis event, to unveil the necessary conditions for converting the polymer to ceramic without the formation of deleterious cracks and voids. We test the influence of processing conditions on mechanical properties using printed ceramics reinforced with particles and whiskers [1]. Unresolved questions and opportunities in CMC processing will be highlighted.[1] O’Masta, M.R., et al. J.Am.Ceram.Soc. 103, no.12 (2020): 6712–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.17275

2:45 PM  
Numerical Characteristics of Plasma Arc Welding in SiC-ZrB2 Composite Ceramics: Akash Meena1; Jecee Jarman1; Arezoo Emdadi1; Jeremy Watts1; 1Missouri Univ of Science and Tech
    A 3D multi-physics plasma arc welding model is developed to study SiC-ZrB2 ceramic weld pool dynamics. This model includes transfer process of heat/mass, surface tension, Lorentz and Marangoni forces, and pressure and shear forces from the plasma. Level set method is applied to track the solid/liquid interfaces. The weldability of SiC-ZrB2 ceramic composites is related to SiC vol %; experimental results showed having more than 60 vol.% SiC in the composition would result in a poor welding due to SiC dissociation. In this study a thermodynamic-based parameter is utilized to incorporate dissociation of SiC. The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements for the weld pool geometry. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is performed on SiC-ZrB2 composites’ solid/liquid interface surface tension. This model will be utilized in understanding of the microstructural evolution through solidification of SiC-ZrB2 composite weld pool.

3:05 PM  
The Effect of Particle Size on the Morphology of Polyester and Epoxy Based Auto–hybrid Composites: Kator Jomboh1; Adele Garkida2; Vershima Alkali2; 1University of Maiduguri, Borno State; 2Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Nigeria
    Coarse (1.4mm – 2.36mm) and fine (0.2mm – 0.4mm) glass aggregates with epoxy and polyester binders were composed to develop an auto hybrid composite for bathroom wall tiling. Composite bodies ranging from 100% fine, 90/10%, 80/20%, 70/30%, 60/40%, 50/50%, down to 100% coarse aggregates were formed. Water absorption test was conducted on the tiles (ASTM C373). The morphology of four composite bodies (100%) (30/70%), (50/50%) and (40/60%) of fine to coarse which indicated the highest and lowest water absorption were observed using Scanning Electron Microscope. Result showed that 100% fine polyester-based and 50/50 epoxy-based composite had high water absorption leading to poor interfacial adhesion and surface pores due to improper particle size distribution. Composite of polyester-based (30/70%) and epoxy-based (40/60%) tiles with proper distribution of fine and coarse particle sizes reviewed less pores, improved interfacial adhesion with better resistance to water absorption, making them suitable for bathroom wall tiling.

3:25 PM Break

3:45 PM  
NOW ON-DEMAND ONLY - Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polyethylene and Polypropylene over Y Zeolite: Xunrui Wang1; Jinhong Li1; Chengdong Wang1; Xiang Wang2; 1China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China; 2Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
    Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) are typical plastic waste. At present, there are mainly four methods of treatment: landfill, incineration, recycling and thermal pyrolysis. Compared with thermal cracking, the advantages of catalytic cracking are mainly reflected in lower reaction temperature, faster reaction rate and higher yield of pyrolysis target products. In this study, HDPE/PP was catalyzed by three kinds of catalysts. The high-temperature treatment and acid-alkali leaching were used to change textural properties and acid sites attribution of zeolite. It was found that the acidity density affected the gas and liquid yield, but the existing form of coke deposits changed due to the difference in adsorption. Besides, the pore structure has an obvious effect on acidity retention and catalytic cycling stability. Compared with pore structure, the distribution of acidity obviously has a larger impact on the distribution of product yield.

4:05 PM  
NOW ON-DEMAND ONLY - Effect of Boron Nitride on the Thermal Properties of Expanded Vermiculite-based Composite Phase Change Material: Yong Deng1; Jinhong Li2; 1Guizhou University; 2China University of Geosciences, Beijing
    In this work, the polyethylene glycol/boron nitride-expanded vermiculite shape-stabilized composite phase change materials (PBE ss-CPCMs) were prepared by using vacuum impregnation method. The effect of boron nitride on the thermal properties of PBE ss-CPCMs was analyzed in detail. It was found that the encapsulation capacity of PBE ss-CPCMs with 3 wt%, 6 wt%, 9 wt% and 12 wt% boron nitride was 66.9 wt%, 66.6 wt%, 65.7% and 64.2%, respectively. The heat transfer of PBE ss-CPCMs was enhanced by the boron nitride, while the latent heat remained available, which benefited from the constructed heat transfer path. Moreover, the PBE ss-CPCMs showed good chemical compatibility, thermal stability and reliability.