Advanced Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage VII: Energy Conversion and Storage II
Sponsored by: TMS Functional Materials Division, TMS: Energy Conversion and Storage Committee
Program Organizers: Jung Choi, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Soumendra Basu, Boston University; Amit Pandey, Lockheed Martin Space; Paul Ohodnicki, University Of Pittsburgh; Kyle Brinkman, Clemson University; Partha Mukherjee, Purdue University; Surojit Gupta, University of North Dakota
Thursday 2:00 PM
March 18, 2021
Room: RM 23
Location: TMS2021 Virtual
Session Chair: Partha Mukherjee, Purdue University; Boniface Fokwa, University of California Riverside
2:00 PM Invited
Designing Earth-abundant Boron-based Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Production: Eunsoo Lee1; Hyounmyung Park1; Palani Jothi1; Yuemei Zhang1; Boniface Fokwa1; 1University of California, Riverside
The electrolysis of water is considered as a clean mean for large scale hydrogen gas production. [1] However, this large-scale production is still hindered by the high cost and scarcity of noble metal catalysts such as Pt. Recently, non-noble metal materials have emerged as highly active electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) to produce hydrogen. Our recent experimental and computational works show that AlB2-type bulk and nanoscale binary borides exhibit high HER activity. [2-6] We have also recently found an unexpected lattice parameter-dependency on HER of ternary variants crystallizing with the AlB2-type structure that enabled Cr0.4Mo0.6B2 to overpower Pt/C at high current density. [7] Furthermore, an unexpected boron-chain dependency of the HER activity was discovered in the V-B system, [8] that even allows for the prediction of unknow active HER catalysts. References (1) Seh et al., Science, 355, eaad4998, (2017). (2) H. Park, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 56, 5575 (2017). (3) H. Park, et al., J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 139, 12915 (2017). (4) H. Li et al., Adv. Energy Mater. 7, 1700513 (2017). (5) P. R. Jothi, et al., Adv. Mater. 30, 1704181 (2018). (6) P. R. Jothi, et al., ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 30, 1704181 (2018). (7) H. Park, et al., Adv. Mater. 32, 2000855 (2020).(8) E. Lee, et al., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59, 11774 (2020).
2:30 PM
Morphology Study of Palladium Produced by Electrodeposition from EMIM-Cl Ionic Liquid: Zhang Wu1; Batric Pesic2; 1Shenyang Ligong University; 2University of Idaho
Palladium electrodeposition in ionic liquid (IL) is considered a promising alternative to aqueous electrolytes because of some unique properties, such as exceptional chemical stability, wide electrochemical window, and low volatility. In the present work, the electrodeposition was performed by using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [EMIM-Cl] IL as the electrochemical bath in order to investigate the morphology of deposited palladium. Glassy carbon served as working electrode in the rotating disk technique. After identifying the cathodic and anodic potentials of interest by using cyclic voltammetry, the working electrode was taken out at each of these potentials and prepared for characterization by SEM. It was discovered that two cathodic waves are driven by same reduction of PdCl42- reaction. Smooth Pd filming happens during the first, while growth of Pd aggregates (on Pd film) signifies the second cathodic wave. The effects of rotation on the morphology of palladium was also examined.
2:50 PM
Synthetic Control of Nanostructured Bilayered Vanadium Oxides for Intercalation Batteries: Ekaterina Pomerantseva1; 1Drexel University
Bilayered (or δ-) vanadium oxide (BVO) emerged as an electrode material with high performance in energy storage devices. In this talk, two synthesis approaches based on sol-gel chemistry will be presented. In the first approach, α-V2O5 is used as a vanadium source; the second synthesis route utilizes 2D V2CTx MXene phase as a precursor. The striking difference in morphology of the BVO particles, 1D nanobelts in the first method and 2D nanoflakes in the second technique, will be highlighted. The ability of both synthesis approaches to allow compositional versatility will be demonstrated by presenting δ-MxV2O5·nH2O phases with M = Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca. The role of interlayer species in electrochemical energy storage will be discussed using Li-ion batteries as a model system. Ultimately, this presentation will highlight how the design of innovative synthesis approaches can enable chemical control of material structure, composition and morphology leading to enhanced properties.
3:20 PM
Understanding the Role of Water-soluble Additive and pH in the Fabrication of Directionally Porous Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Rohan Parai1; Justine Marin1; Dipankar Ghosh1; Ziyang Nie2; Gary Koenig2; 1Old Dominion University; 2University of Virginia
Reducing pore tortuosity in electrodes of lithium (Li)-ion batteries through directional alignment of the pore structure can minimize the path for ion transportation and facilitate the process. In addition, mechanical properties of electrodes are vital to withstanding mechanical stresses that originate during battery assembly and charging/discharging cycles. The ice-templating technique enables the synthesis of ceramic materials with directional porosity and has drawn significant attention for the fabrication of porous electrodes for Li-ion batteries. In this presentation, we will address the influence of water-soluble additive sucrose and pH on the fabrication of ice-templated sintered porous metal oxides for Li-ion batteries and mechanical properties. It will be discussed that for a given solid loading of suspensions (i.e., targeted porosity) and freezing front velocity, sucrose and pH have remarkable influence on the templated microstructure and compressive mechanical response. Preliminary results on the electrochemical performance of these materials will also be presented.