Abstract Scope |
During interactions between ice in the ocean and engineered structures, ice compressive failure plays a dominant role in governing local ice loads transmitted to the structure. Such ice is at a high homologous temperature and for interaction rates of interest for many engineering applications, the ice is highly brittle. Consequently, spalling fractures localize the contact into regions known as high pressure zones (hpzs) which typically comprise about 10% of the nominal interaction area and transmit about 80% of the loads. The processes that govern ice material behaviour in these hpzs result from a complex interplay between discrete fracture and continuum damage mechanisms associated with microcracking, dynamic recrystallization and localized pressure melting. In this paper, the three-dimensional dynamic nature of the physical phenomena that govern ice pressures during such interactions are reviewed, recent experimental results are discussed and challenges for measuring and modelling these processes are explored. |